Damon Mcknight
Australia's capital, Canberra, has a population of 394,000 people. It is located in the southeast of the country, between the larger economic and cultural centres of Sydney and Melbourne. Sydney is the largest city in Australia, with a population of around 4.9 million, while Melbourne is the second-largest, with 4.5 million people. Combined, these two cities account for 40% of Australia's total population of 27.2 million.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Population of Australian Capital Cities | 18.4 million combined |
| Population of Sydney | 4.627 million to 5.6 million |
| Population of Melbourne | 4.5 million to 5.4 million |
| Population of Brisbane | 2.3 million to 2.8 million |
| Population of Perth | 2.1 million to 2.4 million |
| Population of Canberra | 394,000 |
| Population of Darwin | 144,000 |
| Population of Hobart | N/A |
| Fastest-Growing City | Perth |
| Slowest Growth Rate | Hobart |
| Largest Population Outside Capital Cities | Gold Coast – Tweed Heads area (630,000 to 750,000) |
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What You'll Learn
Canberra is Australia's capital
Canberra is part of the Australian Capital Territory, which is an internal territory of Australia. The territory was established as self-governing in 1978. The mainland of Australia extends from west to east for nearly 2,500 miles (4,000 km) and from the northeast to the southeast for nearly 2,000 miles (3,200 km). Australia is the smallest continent and one of the largest countries on Earth.
As the capital city, Canberra is home to many important government buildings and institutions. The Australian Parliament House, for example, is located in Canberra. The city is also home to many national museums and galleries, including the National Gallery of Australia, the National Portrait Gallery, and the National Museum of Australia.
Canberra is a planned city, designed by American architects Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin, who won an international design competition in 1912. The city's design incorporates a layout that reflects the natural topography of the site, with a network of interconnected roads and open spaces. The city's layout is also designed to be functional and efficient, with a focus on creating a healthy and beautiful urban environment.
Today, Canberra is a thriving city with a strong economy and a diverse range of industries, including government, education, and tourism. The city is known for its high quality of life and its many cultural attractions, making it a popular destination for visitors from around the world.
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Sydney is the largest city
Sydney's population continues to grow, driven by net overseas migration and its reputation as a global city. The city's eastern suburbs and lower north shore are particularly popular, offering a mix of vibrant urban life and cultural attractions. Sydney is also known for its iconic natural landmarks, such as the Sydney Harbour Bridge and the Sydney Opera House, which attract tourists from all over the world.
As one of the largest cities in the Southern Hemisphere, Sydney plays a significant role in Australia's economy. The city is a major financial hub, with a strong presence in banking, commerce, and tourism. Sydney also has a highly educated and skilled workforce, attracting top talent from across the globe. The University of Sydney, for example, is consistently ranked as one of the best universities in the Asia-Pacific region.
Sydney's cultural significance cannot be overstated. The city is a melting pot of arts, music, and cuisine, with a thriving festival scene. Sydney's diversity is reflected in its many vibrant neighbourhoods, such as Haymarket, known for its vibrant Chinatown and dynamic culinary scene. Sydney also boasts some of Australia's most beautiful beaches, including the world-famous Bondi Beach, offering a unique blend of city life and coastal leisure.
While Melbourne is a close contender, with a population of around 4.5 million, Sydney currently maintains its position as Australia's largest and most populous city. Sydney's continuous growth and development solidify its status as a leading global city and a key destination for migrants and visitors alike.
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Melbourne is growing faster
Melbourne is the capital of the state of Victoria and is one of the most important economic and cultural centres in Australia. It is the second-largest city in Australia, with a population of 4.5 million, or 5.4 million according to more recent estimates.
Melbourne's suburbs are among the fastest-growing parts of the country. Suburbs such as Carlton, home to the University of Melbourne, have seen large increases in migrants. Melbourne's outer suburb of Fraser Rise-Plumpton and its western suburb of Tarneit North are among the fastest-growing suburbs in Australia.
Melbourne's population growth is driven by net overseas migration, which accounted for almost 90% of the growth in capital cities. In the past year, Melbourne took in a net total of 121,400 residents, while Sydney took in 120,886. Melbourne's growth is also attributed to students moving to the city, as it is home to major universities such as the University of Melbourne and Monash University.
Assuming medium levels of fertility, overseas migration, life expectancy, and interstate migration flows, Melbourne is projected to surpass Sydney as Australia's largest city by 2053. By 2055, both cities are expected to reach a population of 8 million.
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Perth is the fastest-growing capital
Australia is a large country with a small population, characterised by its global isolation and aridity. It has a federal form of government, with a national government for the Commonwealth of Australia and individual state governments. The capital city is Canberra, located in the southeast between the larger economic and cultural centres of Sydney and Melbourne.
Sydney is the largest city in Australia, with a population of around 4.9 million, followed by Melbourne, with 4.5 million. However, Melbourne is growing faster than Sydney, with over 10,000 more people added to its population each year. It is expected that Melbourne will overtake Sydney as Australia's largest city by 2053.
Perth, however, is the fastest-growing capital city in Australia. It has recorded a growth rate of 3.05% per year for the past 5 years, compared to Hobart, which had the lowest growth rate of 0.67% over the same period. Perth's population has increased by almost 53,414 people in the last year, with many students moving to the city to attend its major universities. This growth is expected to continue, with Perth on track to overtake Brisbane in 2029 when both cities will have a population of just over 3 million.
Outside of the capital cities, the Gold Coast-Tweed Heads area has the largest population, with almost 630,000 residents. This area has also registered the largest increase in the number of residents, adding almost 70,000 people since 2019.
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Brisbane is Queensland's capital
Brisbane is the capital of Queensland, a state in northeastern Australia. It is the third-most populous city in Australia, with a population of approximately 2.8 million people. Brisbane is also Queensland's largest city and is located at the centre of South East Queensland, an urban agglomeration with a population of over 4 million.
The city was founded on the homelands of the Turrbal and Yuggera (or Yagara) peoples, whose Country stretches north from Elimbah Creek, south to the Logan River, and inland as far as Moggill. The traditional name for Brisbane is Meanjin, meaning 'the place of the blue water lilies'. The city's demonym is Brisbanite.
In 1824, the Moreton Bay penal settlement was established at Redcliffe as a place for secondary offenders from the Sydney colony. However, in May 1825, it was moved to North Quay on the banks of the Brisbane River, named for the Governor of New South Wales, Sir Thomas Brisbane. Brisbane was chosen as Queensland's capital in 1859 when the state separated from New South Wales.
As the capital of Queensland, Brisbane is home to the Parliament of Queensland at Parliament House in the CBD. The city boasts a dynamic cultural precinct, abundant wildlife, and easy access to nearby attractions such as the Gold Coast and the Great Barrier Reef. Brisbane has a well-developed transport system, including trains, buses, and river ferries, making it a convenient city to navigate.
Brisbane is one of the ten largest cities in Queensland, with the Gold Coast, the Sunshine Coast, Townsville, Cairns, Ipswich, and Toowoomba also among the state's largest urban centres. Queensland's population growth rate has declined from 2.0% to 1.37%, while the state continues to have the highest interstate net migration in Australia, with 24.2% of its population born overseas.
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Frequently asked questions
The population of Canberra, the capital of Australia, is 394,000.
Sydney is Australia's largest city, with a population of around 4.9 million.
Melbourne is Australia's second-largest city, with a population of around 4.5 million.
Darwin is Australia's smallest capital city, with a population of around 144,000.
