
Australia has historically been regarded as one of the freest countries in the world. However, this perception has been challenged in recent years due to various factors, including the country's strict COVID-19 restrictions and the increasing influence of Beijing on Australia's economy and political landscape. While Australia remains a democracy, there are concerns that the country may be becoming less free, with some even comparing it to a police state. The COVID-19 restrictions in Australia have been described as severe, with limited mobility across state borders, tracking of citizens through apps and facial recognition technology, and reports of arrests for social media posts critical of the government's COVID-19 response. Additionally, Australia's economic ties with China have raised concerns about the potential compromise of its democratic principles and the need for collective action from like-minded countries to counterbalance Beijing's economic coercion. These developments have sparked debates about the state of freedom in Australia and the need for global cooperation to protect democratic values.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Democracy | Australia is a democracy, but its COVID restrictions have been severe. |
| Freedom of movement | It has been hard to enter or leave the country during the pandemic unless one is a politician or celebrity. |
| Surveillance | Citizens are tracked with apps and soon by facial recognition. |
| Freedom of assembly | In some states, phones must be scanned before entering churches. |
| Freedom of speech | Some have been arrested for posting on social media about protests against COVID restrictions. |
| Freedom from over-dependence | Australia has become too vulnerable to the whims of Beijing. |
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What You'll Learn

COVID-19 restrictions and their impact on freedom
Australia has historically been known as one of the freest countries in the world. However, the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent restrictions have caused some to question whether Australia can still be considered a free country.
The Australian government imposed strict restrictions on movement, business activity, and public transport to contain the spread of COVID-19. These included border closures, mandatory quarantines, and limits on public gatherings. While these measures helped Australia maintain a relatively low COVID-19 death toll, some argue that they have come at the cost of civil liberties.
One of the most controversial aspects of Australia's COVID-19 response has been the use of surveillance and punitive measures to enforce compliance with public health orders. Citizens have been tracked through apps and facial recognition technology, and some individuals have been arrested for posting on social media about protests against COVID-19 restrictions. There have also been reports of Australians turning each other in to the authorities for violating lockdown restrictions, leading to concerns about the normalization of reduced freedoms.
The impact of COVID-19 restrictions on freedom of movement and assembly has been significant. The ability to enter or leave the country has been severely restricted, and even crossing state borders within Australia has been challenging. This has disrupted families, businesses, and communities, and prompted questions about the balance between public health and individual freedoms.
While Australia's COVID-19 restrictions have had a notable impact on freedoms traditionally associated with democratic societies, it is important to note that these measures have been implemented within a democratic framework, albeit with ongoing debates about their severity and appropriateness.
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Government intervention and overreach
Australia has historically been known as one of the freest countries in the world. However, this perception has been challenged in recent years, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, with some arguing that government intervention and overreach have resulted in a loss of freedom for Australians.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Australia imposed severe restrictions, including tight border controls, mandatory phone scanning to enter certain places, and strict limits on gatherings and protests. These measures led to concerns about the country becoming a “police state” and comparisons to its history as a prison colony. Some Australians were arrested for posting on social media about protests against COVID-19 restrictions, and there were reports of citizens turning each other in to the authorities for violating lockdown rules.
The pandemic is not the only context in which concerns about government intervention and overreach have been raised in Australia. There have been criticisms of the government's failure to implement certain human rights treaties effectively, such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CROC). Additionally, existing human rights legislation, such as the Racial Discrimination Act (RDA), has been under threat of amendment or suspension. These actions have been seen as a threat to a healthy democracy and a concern for those committed to human rights.
Furthermore, there have been concerns about the overreach of executive powers in Australia, with Emeritus Professor Gillian Triggs arguing that this issue often goes unnoticed by Australians. Triggs highlights the importance of setting limits on executive powers to protect individual liberties and ensure a healthy democracy. She also points to the conflation of national security concerns with fears of unauthorised immigration, asylum seekers, and refugees as a way for governments to shield their measures from political challenge.
Additionally, there is a perception among some Australians that the government has overreached in other areas, such as the implementation of COVID-19 restrictions and the powers given to the Nationals in political coalitions. There are concerns that these actions could normalise a loss of freedom and that political and cultural elites are slowly taking away the liberties of Australians.
In conclusion, while Australia has traditionally been considered a free country, recent years have seen increasing concerns about government intervention and overreach. These issues have raised questions about the balance between national security, public health, and individual liberties, and the preservation of democratic values in the country.
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Economic coercion by China
Australia has been the target of numerous economic coercion measures implemented by China since 2020. China's policy of economic coercion against Australia has been the subject of in-depth studies, particularly in the United States. The G7 summit in 2021 saw world leaders rebuke China for its campaign of economic coercion against Australia.
The economic coercion measures implemented by China against Australia are in response to a few key factors. Firstly, since Scott Morrison became Prime Minister in 2018, he has been responsible for excluding Huawei and ZTE from the 5G market, citing national security concerns. This decision has been a major source of tension between the two countries. Secondly, Australia has called for an independent inquiry into the origins of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has been interpreted by China as an attempt to assign blame. Additionally, Australia has barred Huawei and ZTE from its 5G network and accused China of interfering in its domestic politics.
The economic coercion measures taken by China against Australia include a significant tariff on Australian barley, a move to blacklist Australian coal, and tariffs on Australian wine sellers. China has also managed to find alternative suppliers, demonstrating that its economy is unaffected by the dispute. Australia, on the other hand, has struggled to find new market opportunities, highlighting the negative consequences of China's economic coercion on its economy.
The dispute between China and Australia has also had geopolitical implications. The G7 summit in 2021 discussed China's economic coercion against Australia, with US President Joe Biden stating that there were differences in worldview that may never be resolved. The G7 leaders called for Beijing to respect human rights and freedoms in the Xinjiang province and Hong Kong. However, China's embassy in London warned against slandering Beijing and defended its national sovereignty, security, and development interests.
The economic coercion by China against Australia has led to a deterioration in their political relations, with a virtual embargo on meetings between senior officials. Australia has brought a case against China to the WTO over its tariff on Australian barley, and there is also the potential for a case regarding the blacklisting of Australian coal. While working through the WTO can be a lengthy process, it demonstrates multilateral solidarity in challenging China's trade abuses and could contribute to dissuading China from launching more economic coercion campaigns.
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Democratic principles and their defence
Australia is a free country because it is a democracy. However, the country's COVID restrictions and increasing economic vulnerability to China have led some to question how free it really is.
Australia is a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy, with the Queen as the head of state. The country holds free and fair elections, with voting being compulsory for all adult citizens. The Australian Constitution, which outlines the country's system of government and the roles and powers of its institutions, can be changed through a process of referendum, allowing the people a direct say in how their country is run.
The country also has a strong tradition of freedom of speech and assembly, although this has been tested during the COVID-19 pandemic, with some Australians being arrested for posting on social media about protests against COVID restrictions.
Defending these democratic principles is crucial to maintaining Australia's status as a free country. This involves not only upholding these values within Australia but also speaking out when they are threatened in other democratic countries. For example, Australia has experienced economic coercion from China, which has also been used against other democracies to punish them for upholding basic democratic principles. A collective response from free nations is needed to address this threat and demonstrate that economic coercion will no longer be tolerated.
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Normalisation of loss of freedom
Australia has historically been known as one of the freest countries in the world. However, this perception has changed in recent years, especially during the COVID pandemic, due to the imposition of severe restrictions and the resulting normalisation of the loss of freedom.
The COVID-related restrictions in Australia have been described as draconian, with difficult entry and exit into the country, citizen tracking through apps and facial recognition, and arrests for social media posts criticising the government's COVID measures. These restrictions have sparked debates about whether Australia can still be considered a free country. For example, an Australian mother was handcuffed and taken away by the police in front of her children for posting on Facebook about a planned lockdown protest. Such incidents have led to comparisons between Australia's present and its past as a prison colony.
The normalisation of the loss of freedom in Australia is evident in the increasing government intervention in the lives of its citizens. There is a growing sentiment that political and cultural elites are slowly taking away freedoms, and this loss of liberty is being accepted as the new normal. This is reflected in the compliance of Australians with stringent lockdown restrictions and their willingness to report on each other to the authorities, reminiscent of East Germany. For instance, a mother violating lockdown restrictions by crossing a state border was turned in to the police, despite the low COVID death toll in the country.
Additionally, Australia's vulnerability to external influences, such as economic coercion by China, has further contributed to the perception of a loss of freedom. China's economic tactics have become so common that the world is becoming desensitised to them, and Australia, in particular, has become vulnerable to Beijing's whims. This situation has raised questions about the balance between freedom and prosperity and the need for collective action among like-minded countries to defend democratic principles and protect smaller nations from economic coercion.
In conclusion, while Australia has traditionally been regarded as a free country, recent developments, including COVID restrictions and external pressures, have led to a normalisation of the loss of freedom. This situation has sparked concerns and debates about the country's commitment to democratic values and the need to protect civil liberties.
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Frequently asked questions
Australia is officially a democracy, but some have questioned its freedom due to its strict COVID restrictions.
During the pandemic, Australians had to have their phones scanned before entering certain buildings, were tracked with apps and facial recognition, and faced arrest for violating lockdown restrictions or protesting COVID restrictions on social media.
Australia's economic ties with China have made it vulnerable to Beijing's influence. China has used economic coercion against Australia, threatening its democratic principles and independence.
Some claim that political and cultural elites have slowly eroded freedoms, which has been normalised over time. Additionally, Australians have turned each other in to the authorities for violating lockdown restrictions.
Free nations, such as the United States, should speak out and take joint reciprocal action against economic coercion by China. This collective response will enhance resilience and discourage Beijing from employing such tactics.










































