Lexi Webster
Australia and Indonesia are neighbouring countries with a maritime border running west from the two countries' tripoint maritime boundary with Papua New Guinea in the western entrance to the Torres Straits, through the Arafura Sea and Timor Sea, and terminating in the Indian Ocean. The closest distance between the two countries is 1,702.62 miles (2,740.10 km) and the flight distance between the nearest airports in the two countries is 2,376.73 miles (3,824.99 km). The two countries have had several treaties regarding their maritime boundaries, including the Timor Gap Treaty of 1989 and the 1997 Australia-Indonesia Maritime Delimitation Treaty.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Distance between Australia and Indonesia | 3,449 kilometers or 2,143 miles |
| Flight distance | 2,376.73 miles or 3,824.99 kilometers |
| Shortest distance | 1,702.62 miles or 2,740.10 kilometers |
| Average flight duration | 3.83 hours |
| Fastest flight duration | 6 hours 40 minutes |
| Cheapest flight cost | $100-310 |
| Australia-Indonesia border | A maritime boundary running west from the tripoint boundary with Papua New Guinea |
| through the Arafura Sea and Timor Sea, terminating in the Indian Ocean | |
| Broken by the Timor Gap, where Australian and East Timorese territorial waters meet |
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What You'll Learn
- The distance between the two countries is 3,449km or 2,143 miles
- The flight time between the two countries is between 3.83 hours and 7 hours
- The two countries share a maritime border in the Indian Ocean
- The boundary is separated into three segments, with the first two broken by the Timor Gap
- The 1997 treaty saw Australia's natural prolongation argument prevail
The distance between the two countries is 3,449km or 2,143 miles
Australia and Indonesia are separated by a maritime boundary running west from the two countries' tripoint boundary with Papua New Guinea in the western entrance to the Torres Straits, through the Arafura Sea and Timor Sea, and terminating in the Indian Ocean. The distance between the two countries is 3,449km or 2,143 miles. This distance can be covered by plane in approximately 3.83 hours, assuming an average speed of 560 miles per hour.
The closest points between the two countries are Christmas Island, an external territory of Australia, and the Indonesian island of Java. Christmas Island is located in the Indian Ocean, 186 nautical miles (344 km) south of the southern coast of Java. The maritime boundary between these two points was established by the 1997 Australia-Indonesia Maritime Delimitation Treaty, which set the boundary as a modified median line lying closer to Christmas Island.
The flight distance between the nearest airports in Indonesia (UPG) and Australia (ADL) is 2,376.73 miles (3,824.99 km). This corresponds to a flight time of approximately 4 hours and 59 minutes. The geographic midpoint between the two countries is located in Western Australia and is 851.31 miles (1,370.05 km) from both countries.
The shortest distance between Indonesia and Australia is 1,702.62 miles (2,740.10 km) in a straight line. However, the actual travel distance between the two countries may vary depending on the specific points of origin and destination.
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The flight time between the two countries is between 3.83 hours and 7 hours
Australia and Indonesia are neighbouring countries with a shared maritime border in the Indian Ocean. The distance between the two countries is approximately 1,739 miles or 2,799 kilometres "as the crow flies". The flight time between Australia and Indonesia varies depending on the specific departure and arrival points. For example, the flight duration from Jakarta, Indonesia, to Sydney, Australia, is approximately 6 hours and 49 minutes, while the total flight time between the two countries is between 3 hours and 59 minutes and 4 hours and 59 minutes.
The flight duration can be affected by various factors, including the speed of the aircraft, wind speeds, and the time required for take-off and landing. Additionally, travellers should consider airport wait times, potential equipment or weather delays, and the time required for the plane to taxi between the gate and the runway.
The calculation of flight time between Australia and Indonesia is based on the straight-line distance, which is the most direct path between the two locations. This distance can vary depending on the specific locations being considered, such as the flight from Jakarta to Sydney mentioned earlier.
When planning a trip between Australia and Indonesia, it is important to consider the time difference between the two countries and any potential delays or layovers that may occur during the journey. The varying flight times between different departure and arrival points in the two countries highlight the importance of considering specific travel routes when planning a trip.
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The two countries share a maritime border in the Indian Ocean
Australia and Indonesia share a maritime border in the Indian Ocean. The border runs west from the two countries' tripoint maritime boundary with Papua New Guinea in the western entrance to the Torres Straits, through the Arafura Sea and Timor Sea, and terminates in the Indian Ocean. The eastern segment of the border was established by treaties in 1971 and 1972, with the latter extending the border to the eastern border of the Australia-East Timor joint petroleum development area. The 1989 Timor Gap Treaty and the 1997 Australia-Indonesia Maritime Delimitation Treaty further shaped the border, with the latter seeing Australia's natural prolongation argument prevail in terms of seabed claims.
The maritime border has been the site of several disputes, including over the Timor Gap terminal points, with East Timor potentially seeking a wider gap than originally provided. There have also been instances of the Australian Navy unintentionally violating Indonesian waters, as well as issues of illegal fishing, human trafficking, and illegal transshipment. These disputes can arise from differing interpretations of international law, conflicting economic interests, or geopolitical tensions.
Indonesia, as a growing maritime state, faces complex problems of maritime border security, including unsettled borders and transnational criminal activities. The rise of transnational maritime crime has been a significant factor in encouraging maritime cooperation between the two countries, as it threatens national development. Initiatives such as joint maritime enforcement training and coordinated security patrols have been implemented to combat these issues.
The two countries have also worked together to address fish theft at their maritime border. Indonesia has focused on educating its fishermen about the risks and regulations of fishing in Australian waters, while Australia has emphasised its strict fisheries and environmental regulations. These efforts aim to strengthen the integrated defence and security capabilities of both nations.
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The boundary is separated into three segments, with the first two broken by the Timor Gap
Australia and Indonesia have a maritime border that runs west from the two countries' shared maritime boundary with Papua New Guinea in the western entrance to the Torres Straits, through the Arafura Sea and Timor Sea, and terminating in the Indian Ocean. The boundary is separated into three segments, with the first two broken by the Timor Gap, where Australian and East Timorese territorial waters meet.
The first segment of the boundary runs between the Australia-Indonesia-Papua New Guinea tripoint at 10°50′S 139°12′E and the point where the territorial waters of the two countries touch the eastern limits of the territorial waters claimed by East Timor at 9°28′S 127°56′E. The second segment runs westward from the point where the territorial waters of the two countries touch the western limits of East Timor's territorial waters claim.
The Timor Gap is a break in the Australia-Indonesia boundary in the area surrounding East Timor, which resulted from inconclusive negotiations between Australia and Portuguese Timor in 1971-2. The two countries disagreed over how the Timor Gap should be delimited, with conflicting sources of international law supporting their respective positions. Australia proposed that the boundaries should be determined according to the Convention on the Continental Shelf 1958, which grants sovereignty to a nation over the continental shelf beyond their shores. On the other hand, Indonesia's median line argument was accepted for establishing its rights over the water column or exclusive economic zone.
The Timor Gap Treaty, signed in 1989, created a 'Zone of Cooperation' that allowed for the joint exploitation of resources in the Timor Gap. This zone was divided into three areas: Areas A, B, and C. However, the independence of Timor-Leste (also known as East Timor) in 2002 may result in changes to the Australia-Indonesia border near the Timor Gap. The 'Timor Gap terminal points' established by the 1972 treaty, namely Points A16 and A17, may have to be renegotiated by the two countries, as Timor-Leste may seek a wider Timor Gap.
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The 1997 treaty saw Australia's natural prolongation argument prevail
Australia and Indonesia have a complex maritime boundary, with a shared border in the Indian Ocean between Australia's Christmas Island and Indonesia's Java. The border runs west from the two countries' shared border with Papua New Guinea in the western entrance to the Torres Strait, through the Arafura Sea and Timor Sea.
The 1997 Australia-Indonesia Maritime Delimitation Treaty, also known as the Perth Treaty, settled many disputes between the two countries concerning their common maritime boundary. The treaty recognised two types of boundaries: the seabed boundary (or continental shelf boundary) and the water column boundary (or exclusive economic zone boundary).
However, Indonesia's median line argument was accepted for establishing its rights over the water column or exclusive economic zone. The median line is the equidistant line from the baselines of both countries. This resulted in the separation of the two types of boundaries and the recognition of Indonesia's full ownership of living resources in the water north of the water column boundary and south of the seabed boundary.
The 1997 treaty also included provisions concerning the Timor Gap, such as reaffirming the Timor Gap Treaty between Australia and Indonesia and drawing the water column boundary through the area of joint development. However, with the independence of East Timor in 2002, these provisions may need to be renegotiated.
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Frequently asked questions
The distance between the two countries is approximately 1,702.62 miles (2,740.10 kilometres).
The flight time between the nearest airports in the two countries, UPG in Indonesia and ADL in Australia, is approximately 4 hours and 59 minutes.
The time difference between the two countries is 1.5 hours. When it is 18:42 in Indonesia, it is 20:12 in Australia.
The border runs west from the two countries' tripoint maritime boundary with Papua New Guinea in the western entrance to the Torres Straits, through the Arafura Sea and Timor Sea, and terminates in the Indian Ocean.
Yes, there have been disputes regarding the correct location of the boundary. Indonesia argued for the median line, while Australia favoured the natural prolongation principle. This resulted in the inability to agree on a permanent maritime boundary, leading to a resources-sharing joint development area arrangement.
