Travel Safety In Peru And Bolivia: What To Know

Peru and Bolivia are beautiful countries in South America, full of rich history and culture. However, it is important to be aware of safety concerns when travelling to these countries.

Peru has a high level of crime, civil unrest, and the possibility of kidnapping. Violent crime is common, including in major cities such as Lima, Cusco, and Arequipa, and can occur during the day. Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and bag snatching, is also prevalent in public areas, hotels, and restaurants. It is advised to avoid travelling alone, especially at night, and to be vigilant when using your phone in public spaces as thieves operate on motorcycles. Additionally, there is a risk of kidnapping, with express kidnappings being relatively common, where victims are forced to withdraw money from ATMs before being released. There is also a risk of struggle muggings in Cusco, Arequipa, and Lima, where tourists are put in a chokehold and robbed while unconscious. Furthermore, there is a high risk of getting scammed, especially around ATMs, and taxi drivers may try to trick you by providing wrong information about the price of the ride.

Bolivia, on the other hand, has the lowest crime rate in South America. However, petty theft is common, as in any tourist destination. It is advised to be cautious and keep valuables secure. Bolivia also has a drug problem, and there are strict laws against trafficking and possessing illegal substances. Additionally, political demonstrations are common and can turn violent, leading to road blockades and disrupting travel.

When travelling to Peru and Bolivia, it is important to take precautions such as keeping valuables secure, being vigilant and aware of your surroundings, avoiding isolated locations, and staying informed about local news and travel advisories.

Crime

Peru

Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and purse snatching, is common in Peru, particularly in crowded public areas and tourist hotspots. Violent crime, including muggings and assaults, also occurs, and armed robberies are on the rise. Organised crime is reportedly increasing in parts of Lima and Piura. Criminals often work in groups and use distraction techniques to target their victims. Express kidnappings, where victims are abducted and forced to withdraw money from ATMs, are another concern.

Bolivia

Bolivia has the lowest crime rates in South America. However, violent crime and civil unrest are common, particularly in the Chapare and Yungas regions, and near its borders. Travellers are warned about the threat of drug-related crime and advised to take extra precautions in border areas. Petty theft is common in tourist areas, on public transport, and in unofficial taxis. Criminals often work in groups and use distraction techniques, and violent crime against foreigners does occur.

Transport safety

Peru and Bolivia are known for their adventurous travel options, from hiking in the Andes to exploring the Amazon Rainforest. However, when it comes to transport safety, there are some important considerations to keep in mind. Here are some detailed guidelines to help you navigate transport safely in these countries:

• Air Travel: Flying is the safest way to travel in Peru. Four domestic airlines, LAN, StarPerú, Avianca, and Peruvian Airlines, offer daily flights to major cities.
• Buses: Buses are the primary mode of long-distance travel in Peru. While they can be affordable, it is crucial to choose reputable companies like Cruz del Sur, Ormeño, Oltursa, and Movil Tours for safety and reliability. Bus travel in Bolivia is not recommended at night, especially the route between Copacabana and La Paz, due to safety concerns.
• Taxis: When taking taxis in Peru and Bolivia, always use licensed and modern-looking vehicles. Set the price in advance as they do not run on meters. Radio taxis, which can be booked by phone, are generally safer. Avoid getting into a taxi with other passengers.
• Colectivos: Shared taxis or "colectivos" are a convenient option for inner-city travel or long-distance trips to rural areas. They are usually safe for short trips, but exercise caution on remote roads.
• Minibusses: Minibusses, or "combis," are a cheap way to get around Lima, but the drivers tend to be reckless, and pickpockets are common.
• Mototaxis: Mototaxis, or three-wheeled rickshaws, are prevalent in provincial towns. While they offer a quick way to get around, they are less stable in heavy traffic. Always set the price in advance.
• Ferries and Boats: In the Amazon region, ferries and small motorboats are the primary means of transport. Passenger boats provide a scenic but lengthy journey. Ensure you have the necessary supplies, as only basic meals are available onboard.
• Train Travel: Train travel is rare in Peru, but it is considered safer than road-based transport. There are train services to Machu Picchu and from Cusco to Puno and Tacna to Arica near the Chile border.
• Road Travel: Driving in Bolivia can be dangerous due to poor road conditions and low driving standards. The rainy season (November-March) increases the risk of landslides, and roads may become impassable. Broken-down vehicles without warning lights are a common hazard at night. Always carry a well-stocked first aid kit, and ensure your travel insurance covers adventure activities.
• Uber: Uber is available in Bolivia and is considered safer and cheaper than local taxis in Santa Cruz or La Paz.

Political demonstrations

Even peaceful demonstrations can turn violent at any time. Police have used tear gas and other methods to disperse crowds in the past. Authorities often declare a state of emergency in response to demonstrations.

In Peru, demonstrations occur regularly throughout the country. Public demonstrations can take place for a variety of political and economic issues. Demonstrations can cause the shutdown of local roads, trains, and major highways, often without prior notice.

In Bolivia, political demonstrations are common and can be a bit of a pain if you're travelling around. The majority of the time they're peaceful and can even be interesting to watch, but they can turn violent at any moment. Your time will be better spent planning a way out of the city as these can often lead to road blockades. If you're travelling by bus, you might get stuck. If you're travelling via aeroplane there's less to worry about, but you've still got to get to the airport so make sure you keep an eye on the local news and don't put yourself or your driver at risk.

In both countries, it is recommended that you avoid areas where demonstrations and large gatherings are taking place and that you follow the instructions of local authorities.

Scams

While travelling in Peru and Bolivia, you may encounter some dangers and scams targeted at tourists, especially when travelling by bus. However, many of these fears are exaggerated and have become urban myths. That being said, it is always important to be vigilant and take necessary precautions. Here are some common scams to look out for:

Taxi Scams

• Most taxis in Bolivia and Peru do not have working meters, so it is better to check the price and agree with the driver before getting in.
• Some drivers may pretend that your chosen accommodation is full or bad and recommend more expensive places. Insist on being taken to your booked accommodation.
• Always agree on a price and currency beforehand. For example, you may agree on a 50 soles ride, but the driver may charge you 50 USD.
• Taxi drivers sometimes claim they don't have change for large bills. Ask if they have change before getting in to avoid this situation.
• Avoid getting into taxis that already have passengers, and do not accept other passengers en route, even if they claim to be police officers.

Fake Police Officers

• Fake police officers may ask to see your documents and demand money. They may even have an accomplice to appear more legitimate.
• There is no reason for a police officer to ask for your documents or for you to follow them.
• Always carry a copy of your passport when travelling, and ask to see proof of identification. Do not follow anyone, even if they claim to be a real officer.
• Actual police officers may also take advantage of tourists to make extra money.

Distraction Scams

• Be wary of people spilling or throwing things on you to distract you while they steal your valuables.
• Do not stop to let anyone help you. Go to a bathroom and clean it yourself.
• Keep your valuables secure and out of sight when in crowded areas.

Electronic Goods Scams

• Electronic goods bought at markets may not work.
• It is not recommended to buy electronic devices from street markets. Only buy from official sellers or someone you trust.
• Always test the product before buying it.

Border Crossing Scams

• Ensure you receive the necessary stamps on your passport when entering and exiting a country.
• In Bolivia, you may be given an additional migration form that must be kept and given to the migration officer when leaving. Officers may pretend there is a fine for not having this form.
• Officers may check your phone and claim to find illegal pornographic content, demanding a bribe to avoid jail. Do not let anyone look at your phone.
• Officers may also ask for a bribe to let you through, especially at night or if you are in a rush. Ask for a receipt if you must pay.

Counterfeit Money

• There are accounts of counterfeit money circulating in Peru and Bolivia.
• Familiarise yourself with the look and feel of real bills, and always check the money you receive.

Natural disasters

Peru and Bolivia are susceptible to a range of natural disasters, owing to their geographical location and climate. Here is a detailed overview of the natural disasters that can occur in these countries:

Peru

Peru is located on the western edge of South America, which is one of the most tectonically active regions globally. The country experiences various natural hazards due to its unique geographical setting, including the Pacific volcanic rim, the Andean Mountains, and the expansive Andes-to-Amazon interface. Landslides, soil erosion, and fluvial transport shape the landscapes in Peru.

Peru is prone to earthquakes due to its location on active tectonic plates and faults. The country is part of the active earthquake zone, and tremors frequently occur in the mountains and along the coast. The Nazca and South American plates' collision causes seismic events, with epicenters often along their intersection. The complex weather phenomenon, El Niño, also impacts Peru, bringing heavy rainfall during the rainy season from November to May. This rainfall can lead to flooding and landslides, causing travel disruptions and restricting inter-provincial travel. River levels rise during this period, increasing the risk of flooding.

During the rainy season, landslides, rockslides, and mudslides can occur in mountain and jungle areas, including popular tourist destinations such as Cusco and routes to Machu Picchu. These natural events can disrupt road and rail travel and walking routes. Additionally, Peru has active volcanoes in the south, and volcanic activity can lead to states of emergency, as seen in the Ubinas volcano in 2023.

Although tsunamis are rare, higher tides can occur after earthquakes or for other reasons throughout the year. Peru's western side is influenced by the Pacific Ocean, making it prone to strong ocean currents.

Bolivia

Bolivia experiences natural disasters such as heavy rainfall, river flooding, and landslides. In February 2020, the Bolivia Government Information Agency declared a disaster zone in the Luribay Municipality, La Paz Department, due to heavy rain and river flooding that affected families, households, and agricultural land. This rainy season also impacted eight out of nine regions in the country, causing injuries and deaths.

Safety Recommendations

When travelling to Peru and Bolivia, it is essential to stay informed about regional weather forecasts and plan accordingly. Ensure you have adequate travel insurance that covers delays, medical expenses, and theft. Follow local authorities' instructions and monitor media outlets for updates on travel advisories and safety information.

Frequently asked questions