The Allure Of Afghanistan: Unveiling A Land Of Adventure And Mystery

Afghanistan has not been a popular tourist destination for many years, due to ongoing conflict and instability in the country. Since the Taliban took control of the country in 2021, the situation has deteriorated further, with economic and diplomatic isolation exacerbating the strife caused by human rights abuses. The country is facing substantial humanitarian and economic challenges, with food shortages, orphaned children, and executions making headlines around the world.

However, despite advice from multiple governments to avoid the country, some travellers are still visiting Afghanistan. The country's airports and border crossings are open, and some tour companies are even offering organised trips. But is it safe, or even ethical, to visit Afghanistan under the current regime?

The security situation in Afghanistan remains volatile, with a high threat of terrorism, kidnapping, and violent crime. Foreign nationals are at particular risk of kidnapping or detention, and may face serious threats to their safety, including from ISIS attacks. The Taliban has also imposed strict rules on the public sphere of women, restricting their access to workplaces, educational institutions, and even public parks.

For those who do choose to visit Afghanistan, there are a number of practical considerations to keep in mind. Visas can be obtained from a limited number of embassies, and travel insurance may be difficult to obtain due to the high-risk nature of the destination. It is also important to be respectful of local customs and dress codes, and to be aware of the potential risks and dangers.

While some argue that tourism can provide a much-needed influx of foreign currency and help to improve the country's image, others believe that visiting Afghanistan under the current regime amounts to atrocity tourism and only serves to legitimise the Taliban's rule. Ultimately, the decision to visit Afghanistan is a personal one, but it is essential to carefully consider the risks and potential consequences before travelling to this war-torn country.

Safety and security concerns

Afghanistan is currently under Taliban control, and the security situation is extremely volatile and dangerous. The country is experiencing a humanitarian and economic crisis, with a high risk of terrorism, kidnapping, violent crime, arbitrary arrest, detention, and a high crime rate.

Terrorism and Violent Crime

Multiple terrorist groups are active in Afghanistan, and the intensity and frequency of attacks have increased since the Taliban took power in 2021. Foreigners and individuals associated with Western countries are targets for kidnappings and violence. The risk of terrorism and violent crime is high across the country, including in Kabul, with no location considered safe or exempt from the threat of attack. Targets include government buildings, schools, airports, transportation hubs, tourist attractions, restaurants, hotels, and medical facilities.

Travel and Border Crossings

Travelling throughout Afghanistan is extremely dangerous, and border crossings may be closed without notice. There are checkpoints on all roads and throughout cities. Women are not allowed to travel alone and often face difficulties at checkpoints. Some borders are closed, and border crossings are risky due to criminal groups and smugglers. Overland travel is extremely dangerous, with reports of banditry, fake checkpoints, and roadblocks set up by terrorist and criminal groups.

Detentions

There is a heightened risk of British, American, and Australian nationals being detained in Afghanistan. Reasons for detention may be unclear, and detention can be lengthy, with limited or no access to medical attention and a high risk of physical abuse. The Taliban does not regularly permit welfare checks on detained citizens, and foreign governments' ability to assist their detained citizens is extremely limited.

Natural Disasters

Afghanistan is prone to natural disasters such as flooding, earthquakes, snow avalanches, landslides, and droughts. The country is located in an active seismic zone, and strong aftershocks can occur after earthquakes. Landslides and avalanches can result in high numbers of casualties and property damage.

Other Safety Concerns

• Food and water shortages are common.
• There is no safe area with adequate police coverage.
• Basic infrastructure services such as electricity and telephones are minimal, even in urban areas.
• There is a high risk of kidnapping for ransom, with foreigners and Westerners being targeted.
• There is a high risk of landmines and unexploded ordnance throughout the country.
• Roads and road safety are poor, with aggressive and reckless driving.
• Medical services and facilities are inadequate and may be completely unavailable.
• There is a high risk of insect-borne, waterborne, and foodborne diseases.

Visa requirements

Afghanistan requires citizens of all countries to have a visa to enter the country. The only exceptions are those born in Afghanistan, including those with at least one Afghan parent or whose parent was born in Afghanistan.

Visa on Arrival

It is possible to obtain a visa on arrival at Hamid Karzai International Airport for business, journalism, sports, and crew members. Transit visitors are also issued temporary visas so they can board flights to a different country. This visa costs 150 USD and takes a few hours to process.

Applying for a Visa

Where to Apply

Since the Taliban took control of the country in 2021, the number of embassies issuing visas has decreased. The following embassies are confirmed to be issuing tourist visas:

• Dubai (United Arab Emirates)
• Islamabad (Pakistan)
• Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates)
• Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan)
• Doha (Qatar)
• Istanbul (Turkey)
• Jeddah (Saudi Arabia)
• Tehran (Iran)
• Tashkent (Uzbekistan)

Requirements

The requirements for a tourist visa are:

• A passport valid for at least six months after the intended date of departure from Afghanistan
• A completed visa application form
• A letter of invitation or a letter describing the purpose of travel
• Two passport-style photos with a white background, taken within the last six months
• Proof of funds
• A visa application fee (costs vary depending on nationality and embassy)

Processing Times

Processing times vary depending on the embassy. In Islamabad, visas can be processed in one week for 80 USD, or within 24 hours for an additional fee of 50 USD. In Madrid, a visa can be obtained in one hour for €200 or within one day for €120. In Dubai, visas are typically processed in three hours for 130 USD.

Duration of Stay

Tourist visas are typically single-entry and valid for three months, with a one-month authorised stay. They cannot be renewed while in Afghanistan.

Travel insurance

Although it is not a legal requirement, it is highly recommended that you take out travel insurance before travelling to Afghanistan. The cost of healthcare in Afghanistan can be high, and travel insurance will help to cover those costs in the event of any unexpected accidents, illnesses, or injuries.

Recommended Travel Insurance Providers

• High Risk Voyager Travel Insurance: Covers destinations where the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) advises against 'all travel' or 'all but essential travel'. Provides emergency medical expenses of up to £1,000,000, emergency medical evacuation/repatriation of up to £1,000,000, cancellation cover of up to £1,500, and baggage cover of up to £1,500.
• IATI Insurance: One of the few companies that covers travel in Afghanistan. Offers a variety of plans for all types of travellers.
• Insured Nomads: Offers solid trip insurance with some coverage for medical incidents. Provides 24/7 assistance, coverage for risky activities and adventure sports, and the ability to add or remove coverage as needed. Known for efficient claims service.
• SafetyWing: A good option for younger travellers or digital nomads, offering flexible but comprehensive coverage at an affordable price. Includes coverage for unexpected medical expenses, trip cancellations, lost or stolen luggage, and more. Policies can be purchased retroactively.
• VisitorsCoverage: A pioneering Silicon Valley insurtech company that offers comprehensive medical coverage for travellers. Lets you choose between various plans tailored to meet specific needs, including coverage for medical emergencies, trip cancellations, and travel disruptions. Offers easy online purchase and 24/7 live chat support.

Transportation

Afghanistan has a good network of buses, minibuses, and local shared taxis connecting towns and cities.

By Road

Afghanistan's road network was initially built in the mid-20th century but suffered ruin during the last two decades of that century due to war and political turmoil. However, the country's transportation infrastructure has been undergoing reconstruction in recent years, leading to rapid economic growth. The country has about 46 airports and 17,903km of paved roads, with traffic driving on the right-hand side.

The country's road network includes several major highways, such as the Kabul-Kandahar Highway, Kabul-Mazar Highway, and the Kandahar-Herat Highway. The highway system is currently going through a reconstruction phase, and most regional roads are also being repaired or improved.

There are over a dozen official border crossing points around Afghanistan, including Abu Nasar Port in Farah Province, Angur Ada in Paktika Province, Aqina in Faryab Province, Dand-aw-Patan in Paktia Province, Ghulam Khan in Khost Province, and Hairatan in Balkh Province.

Taxis and auto rickshaws are highly popular in the major cities, especially in Jalalabad. In Kabul, the capital city, a much-needed public bus system was launched in March 2021 to address the rapid increase in traffic and population. Many urban dwellers also ride motorcycles, scooters, and bicycles.

By Rail

Afghanistan has a limited rail network, with only 75km of rail tracks in total, ranking the country 134th in the world. There are four railway connections with neighbouring countries, including Iran, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.

By Air

Air transport in Afghanistan is provided by the state-owned flag carrier Ariana Afghan Airlines and the privately-owned Kam Air. Domestic flights are available at several airports, with international flights taking place at Kabul International Airport, the largest airport in the country.

Water Transport

The Amu Darya River serves as a connecting channel for inland waterway transport, with main ports on its riverbanks at Shair Khan, Kheyrabad, and Keleft.

Accommodation

Tourism in Afghanistan is regulated by the Ministry of Information and Culture. There are at least 350 tourism companies operating in the country.

Hotels

Hotels in Afghanistan are similar to those in the West, with each room having its own full bathroom. Amenities generally include room service, a swimming pool or exercise facilities, and laundry services. Most hotels also have wireless internet access.

• Serena Hotel
• Hotel Inter-Continental Kabul
• Safi Landmark Hotel
• Heetal Plaza Hotel
• Kabul Inn
• Spinzar Hotel

Guest Houses

Guest houses are generally less expensive than hotels because fewer amenities are offered; guests usually share bathrooms.

• Ajmal Wali
• Assa 1
• Assa 2
• Bs Place
• Chez Ana, Media Action International Guesthouse
• Everest
• Faisal
• Gandamak Lodge
• Global
• Haseeb
• Helsinki
• Hendokush
• House 150
• Karwansara Guesthouse & Restaurant
• Le Monde Kabul
• Le Monde Mazar-e-Sharif
• Marvellous
• Naween
• Park Residence
• Rabia Balkhi House
• Rose Valley
• Sarwe Foshang Guest House
• Shamal
• Silk Route
• Sultan
• Taj Mahal

Frequently asked questions