Speargun Fishing In Belize: What's The Law?

Belize is a popular destination for spearfishing, with its crystal clear waters and over 450 offshore islands to explore. While spearfishing is legal in Belize, there are some important restrictions to be aware of. Spearguns are only permitted when free diving, and it is illegal to use them with scuba equipment or in Marine Reserves. Additionally, it is important to only target certain species, such as lionfish, which are invasive and pose a threat to the local fishery. When travelling to Belize with a speargun, it is recommended to declare it as fishing equipment at customs to avoid any issues.

Speargun laws in Belize

Spearfishing with a speargun in Belize is a popular activity, but there are some important laws and regulations that must be followed. Firstly, it is important to note that spearguns are only legal for freediving and are not permitted when using scuba equipment or tanks. Using a speargun with scuba equipment or tanks can result in large fines and prison terms. Spearfishing is also illegal within Marine Reserves and carries a punishment of up to 5 years in prison.

When bringing a speargun into Belize, it is important to declare it as fishing equipment and not a speargun to avoid potential issues with customs. Some people have reported being asked if they intend to sell the speargun, so it is important to be honest and state that it is for personal use only. There may also be duties or taxes to pay, but these can sometimes be avoided by convincing the customs officials that the speargun will be taken out of the country.

In terms of spearfishing regulations in Belize, it is important to obtain a fishing license and be aware of which fish species are protected. It is prohibited to spear game fish such as tarpon, bonefish, and permit, and spearing Nassau grouper is only allowed during its season. It is also important to respect local customs and avoid spearing around swimmers or dive sites.

Overall, spearfishing with a speargun in Belize can be a fun and exciting activity, but it is important to follow the local laws and regulations to avoid any legal issues. Always practice safe and responsible spearfishing, and be respectful of the local environment and communities.

Bringing spearguns into Belize

Belize is a popular destination for spearfishing, with its crystal clear waters and over 450 offshore islands to explore. If you're planning to bring your own speargun into the country, there are a few things you should keep in mind.

Firstly, it is important to declare your speargun to customs when entering Belize. Be honest and cooperative with customs officials, and be prepared to answer any questions they may have about your speargun. It is also advisable to refer to your equipment as "fishing equipment" rather than using the word "gun," as this may raise unnecessary concerns.

In terms of regulations, spearfishing with scuba equipment or any type of fishing gear within Marine Reserves is strictly prohibited and can result in significant fines and prison terms. Spearguns are only legal for freediving, and even then, there are restrictions on the type of fish that can be targeted. For example, spearfishing for game fish like tarpon, bonefish, and permit is not allowed. It is also important to maintain a safe distance from dive sites, typically recommended at 500+ feet.

When travelling with your speargun, it is advisable to pack it carefully and securely. Ensure that you have all the necessary replacement parts, such as rubbers and tips, as these may be challenging to find in Belize. Additionally, consider investing in a sturdy case or tube to protect your speargun during transport.

It is worth noting that spearfishing equipment is typically provided by fishing charters in Belize. However, it is always a good idea to confirm the availability and any associated surcharges with your charter captain beforehand.

Lastly, always remember to respect the local ecosystem and adhere to sustainable fishing practices. The invasive Lionfish, for example, is a significant threat to the local fishery, and spearfishing for these fish is encouraged to help control their population.

Using spearguns in Marine Reserves

Spearguns are legal in Belize, but there are some important restrictions to be aware of when visiting the country's marine reserves. Firstly, it is illegal to use spearguns with scuba equipment or any type of fishing equipment within these protected areas. This offence carries a penalty of up to five years in prison. Therefore, spearfishing with a speargun is only permitted while freediving.

In addition, spearfishing is not allowed around dive sites, and there are restrictions on the types of fish that can be caught. For example, game fish such as tarpon, bonefish, and permit are off-limits, as are turtles and Nassau grouper (which has a designated season).

It is also important to note that while spearfishing is generally allowed in Belize, some marine reserves have made exceptions for lionfish due to their invasive nature. These reserves allow spearfishing for lionfish as a form of population control, but it is crucial to follow specific guidelines and use the appropriate equipment to avoid injury.

When travelling with a speargun, it is advisable to declare it as fishing equipment at customs and to avoid using the word "gun" to prevent potential issues. It is also recommended to bring your own spearfishing equipment, as some charters may provide it but with an additional surcharge.

Speargun safety

Inform a Trusted Person:

Always inform a responsible individual about your dive plans. Share details such as your dive location, depth, expected return time, and companions. This crucial step ensures that someone can raise an alarm and provide accurate information to search and rescue teams if you don't return as planned.

Dive with a Buddy:

Never dive alone. Spearfishing can be hazardous, and having a buddy can help navigate unforeseen situations. Always follow the "one-up, one-down" diving protocol, where divers take turns staying slightly above or below their partner, keeping each other in sight.

Quick Release Weight Belt:

Familiarize yourself with the quick-release mechanism of your weight belt. In an emergency, ditching the belt can be a lifesaver. If you feel close to blacking out, don't hesitate to release the belt to aid your ascent.

Speargun Handling:

Treat your speargun with the same caution as a loaded firearm. Avoid pointing it at anyone, even inadvertently. Keep it unloaded when not in use, including when on a boat. Never load or unload your speargun out of the water, and always engage the safety mechanism before loading.

Positive Identification:

Before pulling the trigger, ensure you accurately identify your target and what's behind it. This is important for legal reasons and to avoid accidentally spearing something or someone else.

Freediving and First Aid Training:

Enroll in a freediving class to understand freediving principles and rescue techniques. Additionally, equip yourself and your dive partner with CPR and first aid skills, which can be invaluable in emergencies.

Understand the Underwater Landscape:

Study the underwater landscape of your chosen dive site. Be aware of areas with restricted water flow, as they may have strong currents, especially near reefs, pinnacles, walls, drop-offs, islands, and points.

Tide Awareness:

Study tide tables and anticipate stronger currents during periods of higher tidal slope. Slack tides, with milder currents, are generally best for spearfishing.

Stay Hydrated:

Proper hydration is crucial for equalization and overall well-being during dives. Dehydration can negatively impact your performance and increase the risk of decompression sickness.

Boat Traffic Precautions:

Use a float with a flag and a float line to enhance your visibility to nearby boaters. If diving from a boat, ensure your dive flag is the tallest object, clearly indicating your presence to passing vessels.

Avoid SCUBA Spearfishing:

While spearfishing with SCUBA gear is legal in Belize, it is considerably more dangerous than freediving. The ambient nitrogen remaining in your body tissues after scuba diving can lead to decompression sickness if not given enough time to off-gas. Wait at least 12 hours after scuba diving before attempting any freediving or spearfishing activities.

Shark Awareness:

Remember that you are entering the shark's natural habitat, so be respectful and vigilant. A surprisingly high percentage of shark attacks occur once a fish has been speared and blood is in the water. Keep your catch away from your body, and if possible, get it onto the boat quickly.

Line Tanglement Safety:

Entanglement in your own or discarded fishing lines is a significant danger. Always use a stiff, floating propylene float line to reduce the potential for knots and snags. Customize the length of your floatline based on the dive conditions and the depth you'll be exploring.

Knife Accessibility:

Always carry a sharp knife that is easily accessible with either hand. In an emergency, a knife can help you cut yourself free from entanglements.

Safe Handling of Catch:

If shore diving, avoid attaching speared fish to your weight belt. Instead, use a stringer on your float line to keep your catch away from your body. Consider using a sack or hanging a spare gun with your stringer to discourage sharks from taking your catch.

Speargun Maintenance:

After each use, rinse your speargun with fresh water and allow it to dry fully in the shade before storage. Periodically oil the speargun shafts and mechanisms to keep them in good condition.

Customs Declaration:

When travelling with your speargun, declare it at customs. Be prepared to answer questions about your intended use and whether you plan to sell it in the country.

Spearfishing in Belize offers a unique opportunity to explore its incredible marine life. By following these speargun safety guidelines, you can help ensure a safe and enjoyable experience while minimising risks to yourself, your companions, and the environment.

Where to buy or rent spearguns in Belize

Spearfishing is a popular activity in Belize, with the country's crystal clear waters and impressive marine life providing an attractive setting for the sport. While some sources suggest that spearguns are legal in Belize, it is important to exercise caution and refer to official government sources for the most up-to-date and accurate information on the laws and regulations surrounding spearfishing and speargun ownership in the country.

If you are planning to travel to Belize and engage in spearfishing, it is recommended to bring your own speargun to avoid any potential issues with customs. When travelling, it is advisable to refer to your speargun as "fishing equipment" rather than using the word "gun", especially when crossing into Mexico from Texas.

In terms of purchasing or renting spearguns in Belize, there is limited information available. However, it appears that spearguns and spearfishing equipment can be obtained through spearfishing charters operating in the country. These charters offer trips along the Belize coast, including northern peninsulas such as Ambergris Caye and San Pedro, as well as the southern barrier reef, with opportunities to catch a variety of fish species.

When considering purchasing or renting spearguns in Belize, it is essential to be aware of the local laws and regulations surrounding gun ownership and spearfishing. Belize has strict gun license laws, and forgetting to renew a gun permit can result in detention and incarceration. Additionally, it is important to note that spearfishing with scuba equipment or within Marine Reserves is illegal and punishable by law. Always prioritise your safety and adhere to all local laws and regulations when engaging in spearfishing activities in Belize.

Frequently asked questions