Belizeans Leaving: Why Are Citizens Fleeing?

Belize is a popular destination for expats and retirees, with its English-speaking population, beautiful weather, and proximity to the USA and Canada. The country offers a range of visa and residency options, including a Qualified Retirement Program for those over 45 with a monthly retirement income of at least $2,000. However, Belize also has a high crime rate, including violent crimes, and a low conviction rate. The country's infrastructure can be unreliable, with occasional power and water outages. Despite these challenges, Belize remains an attractive option for those seeking a laid-back, outdoor lifestyle in a tropical setting.

Belize's immigration laws and requirements

Belize has a range of visa and residency options, each with its own eligibility requirements and benefits. Here is a summary of the immigration laws and requirements for Belize:

Tourist Visa

A tourist visa is granted upon entering the country and allows visitors to stay in Belize for 30 days. This can be extended for an additional 30, 60, or 90 days for an indefinite period. To obtain an extension, visitors must visit the nearest Immigration Office and may be required to provide the following documentation:

• Completed visa extension form
• Proof of a purchased return airline ticket or a lease with their name demonstrating residence in Belize
• A current bank statement showing sufficient funds to support themselves during their stay
• Original birth certificate for any children included in the extension

Temporary Employment Permit (Work Permit)

The Temporary Employment Permit allows individuals to stay in Belize for up to one year and work for a specific employer. The application process involves the following steps:

• Apply online at the Ministry of Rural Transformation, Community Development, Labour and Local Government. If employed by a company, they will apply on the applicant's behalf.
• Submit a long list of required documents, including a police report from the applicant's local law enforcement agency.
• Upon approval, receive a letter detailing the next steps before proceeding to the local immigration office.
• Pay the work permit fee (usually $1,500) and obtain a special endorsement on the passport
• Visit the local Belize Social Security office and apply for a social security card, valid for one year

Qualified Retirement Program (QRP)

The QRP is a residency option for individuals over 45 years of age who can demonstrate a monthly retirement income of at least $2,000. The program offers benefits such as zero-duty importation on vehicles and personal items during the first year. The fees for the program include an application fee, fees for the applicant and any dependents, and ID card fees. Renewal is required annually, with a minimum stay of 30 days in Belize each year.

Permanent Residency

Permanent residency in Belize is granted to those who have lived in the country for 365 days, with no more than 14 days spent outside the country. Applicants must demonstrate continued financial stability and a clean criminal record. The required documentation includes medical certificates, proof of financial stability, and spouse and child documentation. The process involves several steps, including interviews with immigration and the police department, payment of fees, and submission of a security bond.

Citizenship

After being a permanent resident for at least five years, individuals may apply for citizenship in Belize. During those five years, applicants cannot have spent more than 30 consecutive days or three months out of the country in any given 12-month period. The process involves submitting the required documents, attending an interview, and paying the citizenship fee. Belize allows dual citizenship, except for Indian nationals who must renounce their birth country citizenship.

The pros and cons of living in Belize

Belize is a small country in Central America, with a population of around 400,000. It is known for its stunning natural beauty, including pristine cayes (islands), coral reefs, lush jungles, and Maya ruins. As a former British colony, English is the official language, making it attractive to expats from English-speaking countries. Here are some pros and cons of living in Belize:

Pros:

• Natural beauty and diverse ecosystems: Belize boasts crystal clear turquoise seawater, golden sand beaches, lush jungles, and ancient Maya ruins. It is known for its diverse ecosystems, including coral reefs, rainforests, and wildlife sanctuaries.
• Friendly and welcoming people: Belizean people are known for their warmth and hospitality. Expats often mention the friendliness and diversity of the locals, making it easy to adjust to the new culture.
• Low cost of living: Belize offers a low cost of living, especially in certain areas. Expats can save money by not needing a car, as most get by with a bike or golf cart. Property taxes are also extremely low.
• Adventure and outdoor activities: Belize offers a range of outdoor activities such as diving, snorkelling, fishing, kayaking, sailing, surfing, hiking, bird-watching, and zip-lining. The country's natural beauty and diverse ecosystems provide a unique and adventurous lifestyle.
• English as the official language: As a former British colony, English is the official language in Belize, making it easier for expats from English-speaking countries to transition.
• Open-arms attitude towards expats: Belize is known for its welcoming attitude towards expats who wish to become residents or start businesses. The country attracts those seeking a laid-back, non-materialistic lifestyle, away from the materialism of countries like the US.

Cons:

• Crime and safety concerns: Belize has a high crime rate, including violent crimes and sexual assaults. Tourists and expats are often targeted, and the police and legal system may not meet the standards of those from more developed countries.
• Limited access to quality healthcare: While Belize has some hospitals and polyclinics, access to specialised medical care is extremely limited. For more extensive treatment, many expats go across the border to Mexico or other nearby countries.
• Poor infrastructure: Belize struggles with poor road conditions, frequent power and water outages, and a lack of amenities that may be taken for granted in more developed countries.
• High humidity: The tropical climate of Belize can be challenging for some, with high temperatures and humidity all year round. This can take some time to adjust to and may require additional expenses for air conditioning or other cooling methods.
• Cultural adjustment: Belize operates at a slower pace than many developed countries, which can be frustrating for those used to efficiency and timely services. Adjusting to the local culture and embracing politeness and understanding is crucial to a positive experience.
• Limited availability of goods: While some domestically produced goods are affordable, imported items can be expensive due to high import duties and taxes. This can be a challenge for those accustomed to a wider variety of products and services.

Belize's permanent resident status

Requirements:

To be eligible for the Permanent Residency application, you must fulfill the following criteria:

• Have lived in Belize for at least one year without leaving the country for more than 14 consecutive days during that period.
• Demonstrate financial stability and the ability to support yourself by showing sufficient financial resources to the Immigration Office.
• Not have been convicted of any criminal offense in any country for which you could have been sentenced to imprisonment for a year or more, and have received no pardon for the offense.

Application Process:

The application process for Permanent Residency in Belize involves the following steps:

• Fulfill the eligibility requirements mentioned above.
• Compile the necessary documentation, including proof of financial stability, medical certificates, and spouse and child's documentation (if applicable).
• Submit the application along with the required documents to one of the designated immigration offices in Belize.
• Complete an interview with the Immigration and Police Departments.
• Receive notification of approval and pay the applicable fees, which vary by nationality (e.g., US$1,000 for US citizens).
• Pick up your residency card.

It's important to note that the permanent residency process can take a year or longer, and there is usually no communication about the status of the application during this time. Applicants should ensure that their work permits or tourist visas remain valid while waiting for a response.

Benefits of Permanent Residency:

Becoming a permanent resident of Belize comes with several advantages:

• Ability to work for yourself or any employer in Belize without the need for a work permit.
• Freedom to move within the country and travel in and out of Belize without restrictions.
• Opportunity to open a bank account in Belize.
• Pathway to citizenship: After five years of permanent residency, individuals can apply for citizenship and obtain a Belizean passport.

Other Options:

In addition to Permanent Residency, Belize offers other visa and residency options, such as the Tourist Visa, Temporary Employment Permit, and Qualified Retirement Program, each with its own eligibility requirements and benefits. These alternatives provide flexibility for those considering a shorter stay or specific purposes, such as retirement or temporary employment.

The cost of living in Belize

Housing

The cost of renting or buying a home in Belize depends on the property's size, location, ownership status, and build. A two-bedroom home in San Ignacio, inland Belize, can be as low as $600 per month, while a one-bedroom condo on the coast in Placencia or Ambergris Caye starts at $1,200 per month. A 2-3 bedroom home with a garden in the Cayo District can be purchased for less than $150,000. Outside of tourist hotspots, modern homes can be purchased for $75,000-$200,000, while prime city locations can cost $300,000-$400,000.

Utilities

Belize has expensive electricity, with a residential rate of $0.45 per kWh. A couple without an air conditioner may pay around $50 per month, while those running AC in both bedrooms can expect a bill of $150 per month. City water is inexpensive, with a couple paying $20-$50 per month. Internet costs $25-$80 for speeds suitable for streaming, and cable TV is $30 per month.

Food

The cost of food in Belize is relatively high, driving some to shop across the border in Mexico or Guatemala. A couple from North America could survive on $1,000 per month, but $1,500 would be more reasonable. Belize's national meal of stewed chicken, rice, and beans can be purchased for $6-$8 at roadside stands. Eating out in tourist areas can be expensive, but locals direct expats to cheaper restaurants.

Transportation

Many residents in Belize walk or use a golf cart to get around. Gasoline is expensive, costing $5-$7 per gallon, so those with cars should combine trips to save money. Public transportation is the cheapest way to travel longer distances, with bus fares ranging from $1 to $15.

Healthcare

Belize has two healthcare systems: public and private, both available to locals and expats. Healthcare is affordable, with an urgent care trip costing $25 and advanced lab work around $200. However, the lack of advanced medical care is a reason some expats leave Belize. Most specialty healthcare is in Belmopan and Belize City.

Safety in Belize

Belize has one of the highest per capita murder rates in the world, and violent crime is common throughout the country, even during daylight hours and in tourist areas. Local police lack the resources and training to respond effectively to serious criminal incidents, and most crimes remain unsolved and unprosecuted.

Belize City

The Southside of Belize City is particularly dangerous and is best avoided. Gang and drug-related violence, including murders and shootings, are common in this area. Gang members often use weapons to resolve disputes, and clashes occur frequently between gangs attempting to gain control of territories for illegal activities.

Other Areas

Violent crime is also a major concern in other parts of the country, including Belmopan. Armed criminals have been active in the remote forested areas of Belize, particularly the border area with Guatemala and close to tourist sites. Tourists are not usually targeted, but it is still possible to find yourself in the wrong place at the wrong time.

Crime Prevention

To avoid becoming a victim of crime in Belize, it is recommended that you:

• Remain aware of your surroundings at all times
• Avoid travelling after dark
• Maintain a charge on your cellphone
• If you are threatened, hand over your cash and valuables without resistance
• Keep your personal belongings, including your passport and other travel documents, secure at all times
• Avoid carrying large amounts of cash
• Be suspicious of strangers approaching you or of recent acquaintances
• Avoid accepting rides or similar invitations
• Avoid displaying signs of wealth, such as wearing expensive watches or jewellery

Transport

Road conditions and road safety are poor throughout the country. Accidents are common, and drivers are often reckless and do not respect traffic laws. Public transportation is unreliable and unsafe. Registered taxis are identifiable by their green licence plates, but even these should be refrained from if possible. If you must take a taxi, never board at a taxi stand or flag one down on the street. Instead, note the driver's name and plate number, and negotiate the fare before getting in.

Other Risks

• Credit card and ATM fraud occur frequently, especially in San Pedro. When using ATMs, use machines located in well-lit public areas or inside a bank or business.
• Spiked food and drinks are a concern. Be wary of accepting snacks, beverages, gum, or cigarettes from new acquaintances.
• Women travelling alone may be subject to harassment and verbal abuse.
• LGBTQ2 persons have experienced harassment and verbal or physical abuse.
• Demonstrations and large gatherings may occur and could turn violent.
• Coastal waters can be dangerous, with riptides being common. Rescue services may not meet international standards.
• Outdoor activities, such as snorkelling, diving, zip-lining, and hiking, can be dangerous if you are unprepared. Always obtain detailed information on your activity and the environment before setting out.

Frequently asked questions