Driving In Angola: Rules And Road Safety

Angola is a beautiful country with varied landscapes, from deserts to rainforests, and an extraordinary cultural heritage. It has recently opened its doors to visitors, and tourists can now explore the country by driving through it. However, it is important to note that driving in Angola can be quite dangerous due to the poor condition of the roads, with only about 5,500 km of highways paved. Moreover, around 70% of the country's infrastructure was destroyed during the civil war, which ended in 2002, and landmine warnings should be heeded.

When it comes to the rules of the road, drivers in Angola use the right-hand side, and seat belts are mandatory. Driving can be chaotic, especially in the capital city of Luanda, and local people tend to ignore the rules and drive aggressively. Therefore, it is recommended to hire an experienced driver or use public transportation. In addition, an international driving permit is required for driving in Angola, and it is also important to have a basic knowledge of Portuguese, as it is the language used on road and direction signs.

Driving laws and safety in Angola

Angola is a beautiful country with varied landscapes, from deserts to rainforests, and a growing tourism scene. Here are some driving laws and safety tips to keep in mind when travelling in Angola:

Driving Laws

• Angolans drive on the right side of the road, like most European countries.
• Always wear a seatbelt.
• Follow speed limits and be aware of police checks.
• Give way to traffic from the right at intersections and junctions.
• Use indicators, lights, or hand signals when overtaking.
• Do not overtake at speed bumps, curves, tunnels, intersections, etc.
• Do not stop or park in busy areas or places with low visibility, such as roundabouts, tunnels, level crossings, etc.
• Do not use a mobile phone or any gadgets while driving.
• The blood alcohol content (BAC) limit is 0.06%.
• Always carry proper documentation, including your driving licence, passport, visa, and vehicle rental and insurance documents.

Safety Tips

• Obtain an international driving permit, especially if your licence is not in English or Portuguese.
• Keep valuables out of sight and do not leave them in your vehicle.
• Do not walk around Luanda alone or at night. Avoid wearing expensive jewellery or watches.
• Use pre-arranged or hotel cars when withdrawing money.
• Avoid crowded places like markets and large gatherings.
• Keep your valuables and cash in a hotel safe.
• Do not respond if someone signals you to pull over.
• Use off-road vehicles for longer journeys outside major towns.
• Roads outside Luanda and provincial capitals are often in poor condition and may have landmines or unexploded weapons.
• During the rainy season (November to April), there is an increased risk of flooding and landmines shifting.
• Always use pre-booked taxis and avoid local minibus transport.

International driving permits in Angola

To drive in Angola, you will need a full driving licence that is valid in your country of residence, as well as an International Driving Permit (IDP). An IDP is a translation of your national driving licence and allows you to drive in over 150 countries worldwide. It is important to note that an IDP will not replace a native driver's licence, and you must have both documents with you at all times.

An IDP is also necessary for car rentals and as additional identification for identity checks carried out by the Angolan police on some major roads in the country. It is also useful if your licence is not issued in English or Portuguese, as it allows Angolan authorities to understand your licence.

You can apply for an IDP online, and the processing time is swift, with the digital version of your IDP available within a couple of hours. The IDP is valid for one, two, or three years, and you can choose the validity period that best fits your travel plans. However, it is important to remember that your IDP will only be valid if your native licence is also valid, so ensure that your native driver's licence is valid for the duration of your trip.

Driving in Angola

Driving in Angola can be a unique experience, and it is important to be well-prepared and aware of the local traffic rules and regulations. Here are some key things to keep in mind:

• Angola drives on the right side of the road, as in most countries.
• Always wear a seat belt and ensure your vehicle is in good condition.
• Be prepared for varying road conditions, including potholes and roaming livestock.
• Petrol stations in Angola are generally open from 8 am to 8 pm, but some are open 24 hours.
• It is not recommended to drive at night in Luanda, and it is advisable to use a taxi or Uber to get around the city.
• Always carry the necessary documentation, including your native driving licence, IDP, passport, and vehicle rental and insurance documents.
• Be aware of the blood alcohol content (BAC) limit, which is 0.06% in Angola. Regular breath tests are conducted, and failing a blood test can result in fines and legal consequences.

Driving in Luanda

• Drive on the Right: Similar to most European countries, Angola drives on the right side of the road. This means that the cars in the opposite lane will be on your left.
• Road Conditions: Luanda's roads vary in condition, with some well-maintained roads and others riddled with potholes due to years of conflict and neglect. Be cautious, especially during the rainy season, as heavy rains can further damage the roads and create deep puddles.
• Aggressive Driving Culture: Local drivers in Luanda are known for their aggressive and unpredictable driving style. Be prepared for sudden lane changes, speeding, and disregard for traffic rules. Keep a safe distance from other vehicles and be extra vigilant at intersections and roundabouts.
• Traffic Rules: Driving in Luanda requires adhering to certain traffic rules. Give way to traffic from the right at junctions and roundabouts. Always wear your seatbelt, and avoid using mobile phones or gadgets while driving.
• Parking: Finding parking in Luanda can be challenging, especially in busy areas. Look for designated parking areas or well-lit spots. Avoid leaving valuables visible in your vehicle, and never park on the street overnight.
• Public Transport: Luanda has a public transport system consisting of buses and minivan taxis, but these are often poorly maintained and known for reckless driving. As an alternative, ride-hailing services like Kubinga offer a more comfortable and reliable option.
• Fuel Stations: Petrol stations in Luanda are typically open from 8 am to 8 pm, and some are open 24 hours. It is recommended to fill up whenever possible, as fuel shortages can occur.
• Documentation: Ensure you have all the necessary documentation, including a valid driver's license, vehicle registration, and insurance. Keep these documents with you at all times while driving in case of police checks.
• Safety: Luanda has a reputation for vehicle break-ins and theft. Always lock your vehicle and never leave valuables inside. Be vigilant and aware of your surroundings when driving, especially at night or in unfamiliar areas.
• Alternative Options: Due to the challenges of driving in Luanda, many expats opt for hiring a driver or using ride-hailing services. This can provide a more relaxed and safer experience, allowing you to focus on navigating the city's complex roads.

Road conditions in Angola

Angola has a large road network, with nearly half of its total road network comprising unclassified roads with unknown characteristics and conditions. The total size of the Angolan road network is around 76,000 km, with the classified network—which includes fundamental roads connecting the capital to the provinces and complementary roads—making up 58% of the total road network.

The road conditions in Angola vary. There has been continuous improvement to major roads connecting the capital to provincial capitals, but some roads remain in poor condition. Major routes are paved in most areas and have petrol stations and other road assistance services. However, hazards like potholes, lack of traffic signs, faulty traffic lights, and roaming livestock can be encountered. Some basic roadside structures or designated areas for pedestrians are also lacking.

Roads in Angola are especially challenging during the rainy season, which lasts from November to April. Roads and bridges in poor condition become more difficult to traverse during this period, and landmines may also become displaced and appear in new areas. It is recommended to ask locals or car rental suppliers about road conditions before travelling. Using a four-wheel-drive vehicle is advisable when driving outside of Luanda and to other provinces, as most secondary roads are unpaved.

The capital city of Luanda is characterised by heavy traffic congestion. During rush hour, it can be chaotic and difficult to drive in the city. Finding accommodation with parking and using ride-hailing services or taxis to get around is recommended for those who are not used to driving in such conditions.

Overall, driving in Angola can be a unique and challenging experience. With its large land area and varied landscapes, Angola offers scenic drives through spectacular scenery, including coastal routes and iconic roads such as the Leba Mountain road and Fenda de Tundavala in Lubango. However, due to its history of conflict and ongoing development, the country's road infrastructure is still a work in progress.

Driving on unpaved roads in Angola

• Obtain a reliable vehicle: When renting a car in Angola, opt for a 4x4 vehicle. This will allow you to navigate unpaved roads more easily and provide the necessary traction and ground clearance for varying terrain.
• Check road conditions: Before embarking on your journey, check the latest road conditions. Some roads in Angola are unpaved and may be in poor condition, with hazards such as potholes, lack of signage, faulty traffic lights, and roaming livestock.
• Be mindful of your surroundings: Pay close attention to your surroundings while driving. Unpaved roads may have unexpected obstacles like large potholes, loose gravel, or soft sand. Reduce your speed and exercise caution to avoid any potential hazards.
• Maintain your vehicle: Ensure that your vehicle is in good working condition. Check your tyre pressure and adjust it according to the terrain. Carry spare parts and regularly check your oil and coolant levels to prevent breakdowns.
• Plan your route carefully: Angola is a vast country with limited roads connecting tourist spots. Plan your route in advance, considering the road conditions and the time it will take to get from one place to another. Allow for extra time to account for any unexpected delays or detours.
• Be cautious in urban areas: When driving in cities like Luanda, be prepared for heavy traffic and chaotic driving conditions. Consider using accommodation with parking and opt for ride-sharing services like Uber or taxis to get around the city more conveniently and safely.
• Fuel up whenever possible: Keep an eye on your fuel level and refuel whenever you can. Fuel shortages at petrol stations are common, especially in the southern part of the country. Carry a reserve fuel tank or an extra fuel deposit, especially when travelling to remote areas.
• Obtain necessary permits: Ensure that you have the required permits and documentation before driving in Angola. This includes an International Driving Permit, vehicle registration documents, and a Temporary Import Permit (TIP) if you are bringing your vehicle into the country.
• Be vigilant and aware: Always be vigilant and aware of your surroundings. Unfortunately, theft and carjackings have been known to occur, especially in downtown Luanda. Keep valuables out of sight, avoid displaying wealth, and stay alert at all times.
• Respect local laws and regulations: Adhere to the local speed limits and driving rules. Wear your seatbelt at all times and avoid using mobile phones or gadgets while driving. Respect police checkpoints and have your documentation ready for inspection.

Frequently asked questions