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Austria is a country with a population of 8,858,775 as of 2019, of which 25% reside in the country's capital, Vienna. Vienna is the largest city in Austria, with an urban population of 2,223,236. The cities of Graz, Linz, Salzburg, and Innsbruck all have populations of more than 100,000, while the rest of Austria's cities have populations of under 100,000.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Biggest city in Austria | Vienna |
| Population of Vienna | 1,897,491 or 2,223,236 |
| Percentage of Austria's population living in Vienna | 25% |
| Second biggest city in Austria | Graz |
| Population of Graz | 273,838 |
| Other large cities in Austria | Salzburg, Innsbruck, Linz |
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What You'll Learn
Vienna: Austria's capital and largest city
Vienna is the capital and largest city in Austria. It is situated on the Danube and has a population of around 2 million people. Vienna's urban population is estimated to be 2,223,236, while its metropolitan population was 1,897,491 in 2019. The city accounts for 25% of Austria's total population, which was estimated to be 8,858,775 in the same year. Vienna is known for its historical significance as the former capital of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The centre of the city is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Vienna is a modern and trendy city, attracting visitors with its rich history and culture. The city boasts impressive architecture, including Baroque designs and UNESCO-listed sites. As a popular tourist destination, Vienna offers a diverse range of attractions, from its famous opera house and museums to its vibrant nightlife and culinary scene.
In contrast to Vienna's bustling urban life, Salzburg, the fourth-largest city in Austria, is known for its proximity to the Austrian Alps and its well-preserved historic architecture. Salzburg, along with Innsbruck, is a popular tourist destination for winter sports enthusiasts. These cities have hosted the Winter Olympics twice, showcasing their reputation as winter sports hubs.
Austria's second-largest city, Graz, is a university town located in the state of Styria. With a population of 273,838, Graz offers a blend of academic life and cultural attractions. Linz is another significant city in Austria, with a population exceeding 100,000. These cities, along with Vienna, contribute to the country's diverse urban landscape and cultural offerings.
Vienna's prominence as Austria's largest city is evident in its population size and historical significance. The city has played a crucial role in shaping the country's past and continues to thrive as a cultural hub, attracting visitors from around the world with its unique blend of history, architecture, and modern attractions.
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Graz: Austria's second-largest city
Vienna is the largest city in Austria, with a population of 1,897,491. Graz, Austria's second-largest city, is a university city in the state of Styria with a population of 273,838 individuals. It is situated on both sides of the Mur River in southeast Austria, about 93 miles (150 kilometres) southwest of Vienna. The city centre sits at an elevation of 353 metres (1,158 feet), while the highest point is Plabutsch Mountain, at 754 metres (2,474 feet).
Graz was first mentioned around 1128-1129 and became the centre of Styria during the Middle Ages. It became the residence of the Leopoldine Habsburgs after 1379. In the 15th and 16th centuries, Italian Renaissance architects and artists primarily controlled the city's design and planning. One of the most famous buildings from this period is the Landhaus, designed by Domenico dell'Allio and used as a governmental headquarters. The University of Graz, the city's oldest university, was founded in 1585.
During the Napoleonic Wars, Graz was held by the French in 1797, 1805, and 1809. The city was occupied by Napoleon's army in 1797, and the commanding officer successfully defended the Schlossberg against eight attacks. However, they were forced to surrender after the Emperor ordered them to give up following the occupation of Vienna. After Austria's defeat at the Battle of Wagram in 1809, the fortifications were demolished with explosives as stipulated in the Peace of Schönbrunn.
Graz is home to numerous museums, including the Kunsthaus (“Art Gallery”), which features contemporary art, and a museum devoted to bodybuilder, actor, and politician Arnold Schwarzenegger, a native of Graz. The city also hosts a contemporary arts festival each autumn and was designated the European cultural capital for 2003. Graz has a lively pace due to its many universities and is well-connected by public transportation, including buses, trams, and trains.
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Salzburg: Austria's fourth-largest city
Salzburg is the fourth-largest city in Austria, with a population of 148,521. The city is known for its charming, small-town feel, and its location on the banks of the River Salzach, at the northern boundary of the Alps. The surrounding mountains and the rolling plains to the north contribute to the city's picturesque setting.
Salzburg boasts a rich history, having been the seat of the Archbishopric of Salzburg, a prince-bishopric of the Holy Roman Empire. The city's independence in the late 14th century from Bavaria led to increased wealth and prosperity, culminating in the late 16th to 18th centuries under several Prince Archbishops. The historic centre, with its Baroque towers and churches, is a testament to this prosperous era and is recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The city's architectural significance extends beyond its religious structures. The Italian Renaissance and the Baroque style influenced the design of palaces and the rebuilding of the city centre in the 17th century. Salzburg was also home to the world-renowned composer, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, whose 250th birthday was celebrated with the ringing of bells in all 35 churches in the city.
Salzburg has played a significant political role in Austrian history. It was the capital of the Duchy of Salzburg, a crownland of the Austrian Empire, and later became part of Austria-Hungary. After World War I, Salzburg underwent various political changes, eventually becoming part of the First Austrian Republic. The city's status shifted again during World War II, when it was annexed into Nazi Germany in 1938. Following the war, American troops occupied the city, and Salzburg became the capital city of the Federal State of Salzburg.
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Innsbruck: a famous tourist city
Vienna is the biggest city in Austria by population, with 1,897,491 individuals calling it home. However, Innsbruck, the capital of the state of Tirol, is another famous tourist city in the country. Surrounded by the stunning landscape of the Alps, it is a popular destination for winter sports enthusiasts and nature lovers alike.
Innsbruck is a place where history comes alive. Its Old Town feels like stepping back in time, with the famous Golden Roof shining over Herzog-Friedrich-Straße. Built by Emperor Maximilian I, its 2,657 gilded copper tiles make it a city icon. The Gothic Ottoburg tower, once part of the old city walls, now sits among Innsbruck’s lively streets. The Imperial Palace is one of the most important cultural buildings in Austria, with its magnificent state rooms, halls, and salons. The Hofburg palace, built in the 1400s, is surrounded by the beautiful Court Garden and Theatre. Ambras Castle, set amid beautiful gardens, is a Renaissance castle featuring unique art collections and exhibitions, including paintings by Rubens, Van Dyck, and Velázquez.
Innsbruck has hosted the Winter Olympics twice, in 1964 and 1976. The Bergisel Ski Jump is an impressive ski jump that combines sporting history with modern architecture. The viewing platform offers breathtaking views over Innsbruck and the Alps. The city also has an Alpine Zoo, where visitors can see around 2,000 animals from the Alps.
The Innsbruck Card is a city card that can be purchased for 24, 48, or 72 hours. It includes numerous sights and mountain lifts, as well as free use of public transport within the city. The SKI plus CITY pass gives free access to selected public transportation routes, 23 city attractions, three swimming pools in the greater Innsbruck area, and 12 ski resorts in the region.
Innsbruck is a city of contrasts, where the Middle Ages meet the Modern era, and urban bustle meets alpine nature. It is a place of exciting architecture, technology, and experimental art, with a vibrant winter atmosphere, cosy cafes, and Christmas markets.
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Linz: a city with over 100,000 residents
Vienna is the biggest city in Austria, with a population of 1,897,491 as of 2019. However, Linz, the capital of Upper Austria, is the third-largest city in the country, with a population of over 200,000 residents.
Linz's population was estimated to be 209,378 in 2025, with earlier estimates of 212,538 in 2024 and 211,944 as of January 1st, 2024. The city has seen consistent growth, with a population of 203,044 recorded in 1991. Located on the River Danube in the far north of Austria, Linz is known for its economic significance and its rich history.
The city's history dates back to the first century when it was established as a Roman fort named Lentia. The name "Linz" was first documented in 799, and the city was mentioned as a fortified city in 1236, obtaining city rights in 1324. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Linz was a major hub for various industries, including gunpowder, iron, steel, salt, firewood, and wool. The wool industry, in particular, thrived, with a wool manufactory established in 1672 becoming the largest in the Austrian states at the time.
Linz is also known for its cultural significance. The famous Austrian composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart composed the "Linz" Symphony and "Linz" Sonata during a three-day stay in the city in 1783. The city is home to the Pöstlingberg-Kirche, a pilgrimage church built between 1738 and 1774, and the Brucknerhaus, a concert and congress house that has been a venue for the Brucknerfest since 1974.
Today, Linz is one of the main economic centres of Austria, with companies like Voestalpine, a large technology and capital goods group, and the former "Chemie Linz" chemical group, now split into several companies, contributing to its economic growth. The city's public transport system includes a city tram network, a trolleybus network, and a bus network, all operated by Linz Linien.
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Frequently asked questions
The largest city in Austria is Vienna, with an urban population of 2,223,236.
Vienna is the capital of Austria and is found on the Danube. The centre of the city is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Graz, Linz, Salzburg, and Innsbruck all have populations of more than 100,000.
Salzburg is known for its proximity to the Austrian Alps and its Baroque architecture. It is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
