Ruqayyah Snyder
Austria and Romania are two European countries with distinct geographical features and a plethora of neighbouring countries. Austria, a predominantly mountainous country, is landlocked in Central Europe, while Romania, with a landscape that is approximately one-third mountainous and one-third forested, is located in Central-Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea. This text will explore the countries that share borders with Austria and Romania.
Characteristics of Countries that Border Austria and Romania
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Countries that border Austria | Switzerland, Germany, Italy, Liechtenstein, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia |
| Countries that border Romania | Bulgaria, Ukraine, Hungary, Serbia, Moldova |
| Austria's location | Central Europe, South-Central Europe |
| Romania's location | Central-Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe |
| Austria's capital | Vienna |
| Romania's capital | Bucharest |
| Austria's area | 83,871 square kilometres |
| Romania's area | 238,391 square kilometres |
| Austria's population density | 93 inhabitants per square kilometre |
| Romania's population | 19 million |
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What You'll Learn
Austria's northern borders
Austria is a landlocked country in Central Europe, sharing its borders with eight other countries. To the north, it is bordered by Germany and the Czech Republic.
Germany and the Czech Republic share Austria's longest borders. The border with Germany is 801 kilometres (497 miles) long, and the border with the Czech Republic is 402 kilometres (249 miles) long. The border with Germany was established in 1871 and is the longest border for both countries.
The Czech Republic and Germany border Austria to the north and northwest, respectively. The Czech Republic also shares a border with Lower Austria in the north of the country, where the Bohemian Massif extends across the border. The Danube River also runs between the Czech Republic and Austria, with the northern bank of the river falling in the Czech Republic.
The border between Austria and the Czech Republic was once part of the "Iron Curtain" separating Austria from its Eastern Bloc neighbours. Since the fall of the "Iron Curtain", Austria has been assisting border guards in preventing border crossings by illegal immigrants.
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Austria's southern borders
Austria is a predominantly mountainous country in Central Europe, sharing its borders with eight countries. To the north, it is bordered by the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Germany. To the east lies Hungary. Austria's southern borders are formed by Slovenia, Italy, and Switzerland. Finally, to the west is Liechtenstein.
The Southern Calcareous Alps include several important passes that facilitate north-south transit through Austria. One notable pass is the Semmering Pass on the provincial border of Lower Austria and Styria, which provides access to northeast-southwest routes to and from Styria and Slovenia. From there, travellers can continue onwards to Italy via Carinthia.
The border between Austria and Switzerland is 158 km (98 mi) long. The westernmost third of Austria forms a narrow corridor between Germany and Italy, ranging from 32 to 60 km (20 to 37 mi) wide. This corridor extends from Lake Constance (Bodensee) in the west to the Neusiedler See on the Austrian-Hungarian border in the east.
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Romania's eastern borders
Romania is a country in Eastern Europe with an area of 238,391 square kilometres, making it the 12th largest country in Europe. It shares its eastern borders with Moldova and Ukraine. The country has 3,195 kilometres of border, with the Moldova border being 681 kilometres long and the Ukraine border being 649 kilometres long. The Romania-Ukraine border consists of two parts: the northern part stretches across the Carpathian Mountains region, from west to east, from the Hungary-Romania-Ukraine tripoint to the northern Moldova-Romania-Ukraine tripoint. It starts along the Tisza River and runs across the historical region of Bukovina in the Eastern Carpathians. The southern part stretches between the Budjak and Dobruja regions, from west to east, from the southern Moldova-Romania-Ukraine tripoint to the maritime Romania-Ukraine boundary. It runs along the Danube River to the Black Sea.
Romania has had a tumultuous history, having served as a battleground for its neighbours' conflicting ambitions for 600 years. The country was occupied by Soviet troops in 1944 and became a satellite of the USSR in 1948. Romania was under communist rule until 1989, when the regime of Romanian leader Nicolae Ceaușescu was overthrown.
Romania's landscape is approximately one-third mountainous, with the Carpathian Mountains in its centre, and one-third forested, with the remainder consisting of hills and plains. The country is a member of several international organisations, including the United Nations, NATO, and the European Union.
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Romania's western borders
Romania is a country in Central, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, with a population of around 19-20 million people. It is the 12th largest country in Europe, with an area of 238,391 square kilometres. Romania shares its western borders with Hungary, Serbia, and Bulgaria.
Hungary lies to the northwest of Romania. The border between the two countries is estimated to be 447 kilometres long, with 11 border crossings. The border begins at a tripoint located in the historical region of Banat, 15 kilometres southeast of the Hungarian town of Szeged, where the border between Hungary and Serbia intersects the land border between Romania and Serbia. It generally runs south-southwestwards/north-northeastwards across the Pannonian Basin to another tripoint located on the Tur river.
Serbia is located to the southwest of Romania. The Romania-Serbia border is approximately 295.7 miles (546.4 kilometres) long, with several border crossing points. The border was established after the formation of the United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia (later renamed to Romania) in 1859 and the partition of Banat after the Treaty of Trianon. The Danube river forms a large part of the border.
Bulgaria is to the south of Romania. The Romania–Bulgaria border is 630 kilometres long with 21 border crossings. For most of its length, the border follows the course of the lower Danube River, up until the town of Silistra. The Bulgaria–Romania border is an internal border of the European Union. The two countries are connected by several roads and bridges, including the New Europe Bridge, completed in 2013, which connects Calafat in Romania and Vidin in Bulgaria.
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Romania's northern borders
Romania is a country in Eastern Europe that shares its northern borders with Hungary, Ukraine, and Moldova. The country has a total area of 238,391 square kilometers, making it the 12th largest country in Europe. It is a member of several international organizations, including the United Nations, NATO, and the European Union.
The Romanian-Hungarian border is located in the northwestern part of Romania and is estimated to be 278 miles or 447 kilometers long. This border was established in 1920 by an international commission of geographers and historians and features more than ten border crossing points.
The Romanian-Ukrainian border, on the other hand, is located in the northeastern part of the country and is approximately 613 kilometers long. This border consists of two parts, with the northern part stretching across the Carpathian Mountains region from west to east.
The Romanian-Moldovan border is the longest among Romania's northern borders, stretching for 681 kilometers. It is a river border that follows the course of the Prut and Danube rivers and features nine crossing points, including six by road and three by rail.
In summary, Romania's northern borders with Hungary, Ukraine, and Moldova play an important role in the country's international relations and trade. These borders were established through historical and geographical processes, and they continue to be significant in shaping Romania's connections with its neighboring countries.
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