Damon Mcknight
Austria is a highly mountainous country, with the Alps mountain range forming its backbone. The country is home to three major mountain ranges of the Alps: the Southern Limestone Alps, the Central Alps, and the Northern Limestone Alps. The Central Alps, stretching from Tyrol to the Styria/Lower Austria border, is the highest and largest range in the country. The Austrian Alps consist of three ranges, which are an eastern continuation of the same ranges in Switzerland and Italy. The country has 242 peaks over 3,000 meters, with the highest mountain being the Großglockner at 3,798 meters.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Location | Central Europe |
| Geography | Landlocked |
| Bordering Countries | Germany, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Italy, Slovenia, Switzerland, Liechtenstein |
| Language | German |
| Area | 83,870 sq km |
| Population | 9 million |
| Mountainous Area | 62% of the country's total area |
| Highest Mountain | Großglockner (3,798m) |
| Mountain Ranges | The Austrian Alps, The Southern Limestone Alps, The Central Alps, The Northern Limestone Alps, The Bohemian Massif, The Kitzbühel Alps, The Karwendel Mountains, The High Tauern |
| Peaks Over 3000m | 242 |
| Peaks Over 1500m Prominence | 12 |
| Peaks Over 600m Prominence | 58 |
| Activities | Hiking, Rock Climbing, Skiing, Swimming, Sailing |
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What You'll Learn
The Austrian Alps
The Northern Limestone Alps border Germany to the north and include the mountain ranges of Vorarlberg, Lechtaler, Allgäuer, Ammergauer, Wettersteingebirge, Mieminger Gebirge, Karwendel, Reite, Mangfall Gebirge, Chiemgauer, Steinernes Meer, Salzkammergut, Totes Gebirge, Eisenwurzen, and the Alpine foothills of the Wienerwald. The highest mountain in this range is the Parseierspitze, which stands at 3,036 meters. The Southern Limestone Alps border Italy and Slovenia to the south and include the mountain ranges of Karnischer, Gailtaler, Karawanken, Steiner, and Bachergebirge. The highest mountain in this range is the Hohe Warte, which stands at 2,780 meters.
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The Bohemian Forest
Part of the Bohemian Forest in the Czech Republic is protected as the Šumava National Park and Protected Landscape and the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. A section of the German side is protected as the Bavarian Forest National Park. The Bohemian Forest features both coniferous and deciduous forests, which cover more than a third of the range. The region also has mineral deposits and stone quarries.
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The Limestone Alps
The Northern Limestone Alps, or the Northern Calcareous Alps, are located in Austria and the adjacent Bavarian lands of southeastern Germany. They extend from the Rhine Valley and the Bregenz Forest in Vorarlberg, Austria, in the west, to the city limits of Vienna in the east. Notable peaks in this range include the Parseierspitze (3,036 metres), the highest peak in the range, and the Hoher Dachstein (2,996 metres). The Northern Limestone Alps are of great economic importance, serving as a watershed source of drinking water for Vienna.
The Southern Limestone Alps are shared by Austria, northern Italy, Slovenia, and Switzerland. Its ranges include the Dolomites, Carnic Alps, Julian Alps, Ortler Alps, and Vicentine Alps. The highest Austrian mountain in this range is the Hohe Warte (2,780 metres).
The Western Limestone Alps are located in Austria, Italy, and Switzerland. Its ranges include the Albula Alps, Bergamasque Alps, Livigno Alps, Oberhalbstein Alps, Plessur Alps, and Rhaetian Alps.
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The Eastern Alps
In Austria, the Eastern Alps are divided into the Northern Alps, the Greywacke zone, the Central Alps, and the Southern Alps. The Central Alps and Northern Alps are separated by the Northern Longitudinal Trough, while the Central Alps and Southern Alps are separated by the Southern Longitudinal Valley or the Periadriatic Seam. The Central Alps consist mainly of gneiss and slate rocks, with the exception of the Hohe Tauern and Engadine windows, which are composed mostly of Jurassic rock and limestone, and locally of granite. The Southern Alps lie partly in South Carinthia but mainly in Northeast Italy.
The Austrian Alps consist of three ranges: the Austrian Northern Limestone Alps, the Austrian Central Alps, and the Austrian Southern Limestone Alps. The Northern Limestone Alps border Germany to the north and Italy and Slovenia to the south. The Central Alps, composed mainly of volcanic rocks, border Switzerland and Italy to the west and south. The Southern Limestone Alps border Italy and Slovenia to the south. The main mountain groups in the Austrian Alps, moving from west to east, are Vorarlberg, Lechtaler, Allgäuer, Ammergauer, Wettersteingebirge, Mieminger Gebirge, Karwendel, Reite, Mangfall Gebirge, Chiemgauer, Steinernes Meer, Salzkammergut, Totes Gebirge, Eisenwurzen, and the Alpine foothills of the Wienerwald. The highest mountain in the Austrian Alps is the Großglockner, at 3,798 meters above sea level, located in the Hohe Tauern range in south-central Austria.
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The Bohemian Massif
The internal tectonic structure of the Bohemian Massif was formed during the Variscan Orogeny, a phase of mountain-building and accretion of terranes that resulted from the collision of the paleocontinents Gondwana and Laurussia. The massif is part of the Hercynian Forest subsystem and borders the Western Carpathians, Eastern Alps, North European Plain, and Central Uplands. Unlike other Central European massifs, it is not particularly rich in ores.
The massif can be divided into several zones, including the Saxothuringian Zone in the north, the Moldanubian Zone in the centre, and the Moravian-Silesian Zone in the southeast. The Bohemian Massif is a province within the Hercynian Forest subsystem and is bordered by four provinces: the Western Carpathians to the east, the Eastern Alps to the south, the North European Plain to the north, and the Central Uplands to the west.
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Frequently asked questions
The mountains in Austria are located in the western and central parts of the country, in the Alpine region. The Austrian Alps, also known as the Central Alps, form the country's backbone and are made up of three major mountain ranges: the Southern Limestone Alps, the Central Alps, and the Northern Limestone Alps.
The Austrian Alps consist of three ranges: the Austrian Northern Limestone Alps, the Central Alps, and the Southern Limestone Alps. The main mountain groups in the range in Austria, moving from west to east, include Vorarlberg, Lechtaler, and Allgäuer.
The highest mountain in Austria is the Großglockner, which stands at 3,798 meters (12,460 feet) in the Hohe Tauern range in south-central Austria.
The Austrian mountains offer a range of outdoor activities, including hiking, rock climbing, and skiing. There are also lakes for swimming and sailing, as well as charming villages and towns scattered among the foothills.
