Ruqayyah Snyder
Austria's birth rate is a topic of interest, especially when considering the country's population growth and demographic changes. In 2016, Austria recorded 87,675 births, resulting in a crude birth rate of 10.0 live births per 1,000 inhabitants. This rate has decreased in subsequent years, with a further decline to 9.1 live births per 1,000 inhabitants observed later. While births contribute to population growth, Austria's growth is predominantly driven by international migration, with a net migration gain of 64,676 people in 2016.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Birth rate in 2025 | 9.791 births per 1000 people |
| Birth rate in 2024 | 9.868 births per 1000 people |
| Birth rate in 2023 | 9.944 births per 1000 people |
| Birth rate in 2022 | 9.942 births per 1000 people |
| Birth rate in 2016 | 10.0 births per 1000 people |
| Total fertility rate in 2016 | 1.53 children per woman |
| Average number of children born per 100 women | 144 children |
| Average number of children required per 100 women to replace the parent generation | 200 children |
| Population growth | Positive net migration |
| Number of newborns with mothers of foreign nationality in 2023 | 32% |
| Number of newborns with foreign-born mothers in 2023 | 34.7% |
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What You'll Learn
The current birth rate in 2025 is 9.791 births per 1000 people
The birth rate in Austria for 2025 is currently 9.791 births per 1000 people, a 0.78% decline from 2024. This is a notable change from the previous year, as it represents a consistent downward trend in the country's birth rate. In 2024, the birth rate was recorded as 9.868 births per 1000 people, which was a 0.76% decline from the year before. This data indicates that Austria's birth rate is experiencing a gradual but steady decrease.
Austria's birth rate has historically been influenced by various factors, including the aftermath of World War I, the Anschluss to the Third Reich in 1938, and the post-World War II era. The country experienced a baby boom during the 1950s and 1960s, which was also influenced by immigration. However, since then, there has been a reduction in birth rates, which has only been partially offset by immigration.
In recent years, Austria's population growth has been primarily driven by positive net migration rather than natural increase. Migration has played a significant role in shaping the country's demographics since the 1970s, with internal migration also contributing to regional population changes. The balance between births and deaths is relatively stable, with only a small surplus or deficit in different federal territories.
The total fertility rate in Austria, which is the average number of children born per woman, is another factor influencing the birth rate. In 2016, the total fertility rate was 1.53 children per woman, which is below the replacement level of approximately 2 children per woman. This low fertility rate is partly due to the rising age at which women are having children.
While the current birth rate in Austria for 2025 is 9.791 births per 1000 people, it is important to monitor the trend and consider the various factors influencing it. The balance between births, deaths, and migration will continue to shape Austria's demographics and population growth in the coming years.
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Population growth is largely due to positive net migration
Austria's population growth is largely due to positive net migration. In 2023, the country's population grew by 1.4%, or 125,843 people, compared to the previous year. This growth is attributed to immigration, with half of the net migration resulting from migration from Ukraine.
Austria's population growth has been influenced by migratory movements since the 1970s, as births and deaths are largely balanced. In 2016, the country's crude birth rate was 10.0 per 1,000 population, while the crude death rate was 9.2 per 1,000 population. The total fertility rate was 1.53 children per woman, which is below the "replacement level" of approximately 2 children per woman. The low fertility rate in Austria is due to the rising age at childbirth, with the mean fertility age in 2016 being 30.6 years.
In 2023, 32% of newborns in Austria had mothers with foreign nationalities, and 34.7% had foreign-born mothers. This reflects the increasing proportion of foreign-born residents in the country. In 2018, the percentage of foreign-born people in Austria was around 19% of the total population, the second-highest proportion in the EU after Luxembourg. As of 2023, the most common groups of foreign residents in Austria include Germans, Turks, and former Yugoslavians.
The impact of migration on population growth varies across Austria's federal territories. For example, in 2022, Burgenland experienced a surplus of deaths over births, while Vorarlberg's population growth was primarily due to natural population increases. In contrast, Vienna's population increase was almost exclusively the result of net migration gains, with the city attracting 35.8% of immigrants from abroad in 2022.
Overall, Austria's population growth is strongly influenced by positive net migration, with immigration contributing more to population growth than the natural increase in births over deaths. The country has one of the highest rates of foreign-born residents in Europe, and migration continues to shape its demographic landscape.
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The number of births and deaths are usually balanced
The number of births and deaths in Austria is usually balanced. However, the country's population growth can be primarily attributed to positive net migration. In 2016, around 22.1% of Austria's population, or 1.898 million people, had a foreign background. The birth rate in Austria has been declining, with the current rate for 2025 at 9.791 births per 1000 people, a 0.78% decrease from 2024. The total fertility rate, or the number of children per woman, was 1.53 in 2016, which is below the "replacement level" of approximately 2 children per woman. This low fertility rate is due to the increasing age at which women are giving birth. The mean fertility age in 2016 was 30.6 years, 0.4 years higher than in 2012.
Historically, the number of births in Austria has fluctuated. During World War I, there was a deficit of births, while the number of children increased rapidly after the Anschluss to the Third Reich in 1938. Following World War II and in the early post-war years, the birth rate dropped again. The largest cohorts were born in the 1950s and 1960s, known as the Baby Boom Generation, which also expanded due to immigration. However, in recent years, the birth rate has decreased, and in 2020, at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of births was lower than the number of deaths.
While the number of births and deaths in Austria is typically balanced, there are regional variations. For example, Vorarlberg experienced population growth primarily due to natural population increase, while migration gains were a minor factor. In contrast, Burgenland, Lower Austria, Styria, and Carinthia recorded more deaths than births. Vienna's substantial population increase was almost exclusively due to net migration gains.
Internal migration within Austria also influences population dynamics. In 2016, there were 817,139 cases of internal migration, with 53% of moves occurring within a municipality. Vienna, as the only city in Austria with a population exceeding one million, has stronger connections with surrounding regions, resulting in more migration gains in the east of the country.
In summary, while the number of births and deaths in Austria is generally balanced, population growth is predominantly driven by positive net migration. The birth rate has been declining, and the total fertility rate is below the replacement level. Regional variations exist, with some areas experiencing natural population increase and others recording more deaths than births. Internal migration also plays a role, particularly in eastern Austria, influenced by Vienna's large population and functional linkages with nearby regions.
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The birth rate has been declining since 2023
The birth rate in Austria has been declining since 2023, with the country seeing a decrease in the number of births per 1000 people. In 2023, the birth rate was 9.944 births per 1000 people, which was a slight increase from 2022. However, this number has been steadily declining, with the birth rate in 2024 dropping to 9.868 births per 1000, and continuing to decrease to 9.791 births per 1000 in 2025. This decline in birth rate is a recent development, as Austria's population growth has been primarily driven by positive net migration rather than birth rates, which have remained relatively stable since the 1970s.
The declining birth rate in Austria can be attributed to several factors, including the ever-rising age at which women are giving birth. The mean fertility age in the country has been increasing, with women choosing to have children later in life. Additionally, the total fertility rate, which is the number of children born per woman, is well below the "replacement level" of approximately 2 children per woman. This low fertility rate further contributes to the declining birth rate in Austria.
Another factor influencing the birth rate is the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2020, the number of births was lower than the number of deaths, resulting in a surplus of deaths over births. This trend was likely exacerbated by the pandemic, as couples may have delayed plans to have children due to economic uncertainties and social distancing measures. The pandemic's effect on birth rates is evident across multiple years, as the decline in birth rates continued into 2024 and 2025.
Furthermore, Austria's population growth has been predominantly driven by immigration rather than birth rates. The country has experienced a significant influx of foreign residents, with nearly 2 million citizens of foreign countries living in Austria as of 2021. This has contributed to the overall population growth, reducing the reliance on high birth rates to maintain population stability.
Despite the declining birth rate, Austria's population continues to grow due to positive net migration. The number of births and deaths remains relatively balanced, with migration gains accounting for a significant portion of the population increase. This trend is particularly evident in Vienna, where the population increase is almost exclusively a result of net migration.
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The average number of children per woman is below replacement level
Austria's population growth can be attributed primarily to positive net migration, with the natural increase (births minus deaths) making a comparatively small contribution. The birth rate in Austria has been in decline since World War I, and the country has seen an absolute decline in its native population since the 1970s. This is further exacerbated by the ever-rising age at which women are having children, which has led to a low period fertility rate.
In 2016, there were 10.0 live births per 1000 people in Austria, with a total fertility rate of 1.53 children per woman. This is below the "replacement level" of approximately 2 children per woman, which would be necessary for the current generation to numerically replace itself. The mean fertility age in 2016 was 30.6 years, a 0.4-year increase from 2012. This "postponement" of births contributes to the low fertility rate in Austria.
The Austrian population is growing almost exclusively through immigration, with the number of births and deaths usually more balanced. Between 2011 and 2021, 97% of Austria's total population growth was due to net migration gains. The surplus of births was comparatively low during this period, and in 2020, the number of births was even lower than the number of deaths. This deficit of births can be traced back to World War I, with a rapid increase in births occurring after the Anschluss to the Third Reich in 1938. However, at the end of World War II and in the early post-war era, the birth rate dropped again.
The low fertility rate in Austria is also influenced by the increasing age at which women are having children. The mean fertility age has been rising, indicating a "postponement" of births. Additionally, the percentage of the senior population aged 65 and older is increasing, while the number of children under 15 is relatively low. These factors contribute to the below-replacement-level fertility rate in Austria.
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Frequently asked questions
The current birth rate in Austria as of 2025 is 9.791 births per 1000 people.
The birth rate has decreased over the years, from 9.942 births per 1000 people in 2021 to 9.791 in 2025.
In 2016, there were 10.0 live births per 1000 people in Austria.
The population growth in Austria is mainly influenced by positive net migration. While the natural increase, or the balance of births and deaths, has a comparatively small impact on population growth.
The population increased rapidly after the Anschluss to the Third Reich in 1938. Following World War II, the birth rate dropped, creating a "notch" in the age pyramid for those aged 74 to 78 today. The Baby Boom Generation of the 1950s and 1960s further increased the population, which has since declined due to reduced birth rates.
