Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country in central South America with an area of 424,162 square miles (1,098,580 square kilometres). It is bordered by Brazil to the north and east, Paraguay to the southeast, Argentina to the south, Chile to the southwest, and Peru to the west. Bolivia is the fifth-largest country in South America and the 27th largest in the world. It is divided into three distinct geographic zones: the high plateau (altiplano), the temperate and semitropical valleys of the eastern mountain slopes (yungas), and the tropical lowlands (llanos) of the Amazon River Basin.
Characteristics | Values |
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Area | 424,162 square miles |
1,098,581 square kilometres |
What You'll Learn
Bolivia is divided into three distinct geographic areas
Bolivia is a country in western-central South America, covering an area of 424,164 square miles. It is a landlocked country, bordered by Brazil to the north and east, Paraguay and Argentina to the south, and Chile and Peru to the west. Due to its location in the heart of South America and its varied geography, Bolivia is often referred to as a "country of extremes."
The country is divided into three distinct geographic areas: the Andean highlands, the tropical lowlands, and the dry southern plains. Each of these regions has unique characteristics and contributes to Bolivia's diverse landscape and culture.
The Andean highlands, also known as the Altiplano, make up the majority of Bolivia's land area. This region is dominated by the Andes Mountains, with high plateaus, rugged peaks, and active volcanoes. The Altiplano is the world's second-highest plateau, with an average elevation of 13,000 feet above sea level. This area includes the country's capital, La Paz, which is the highest administrative capital in the world. The Andean highlands are characterized by extreme terrain, with snow-capped mountains, glaciers, and lakes, including the famous Lake Titicaca, which is the largest high-altitude lake in the world.
The tropical lowlands lie to the north and east of the Andean region, and they could not be more different. This area is characterized by dense rainforests, lush vegetation, and a hot, humid climate. The Amazon River basin covers much of this region, and the area is known for its rich biodiversity, including numerous unique plant and animal species. The lowlands are an important economic zone, with mineral deposits and natural resources, as well as a thriving agricultural sector.
The dry southern plains, in contrast, are an arid region with desert-like conditions. Located to the south of the Andean highlands, this area experiences little rainfall and has a harsh, dry climate. However, the plains are an important agricultural region, with vineyards and fruit orchards, and are also known for their mineral wealth, particularly natural gas and oil reserves. This region is less populous than the other two, with a more sparse population and a more remote feel.
Bolivia's diverse geography has played a significant role in shaping the country's history and culture. The varying landscapes have influenced the development of distinct regional identities, and the country's indigenous populations have a strong connection to the land. The three distinct geographic areas also present unique challenges and opportunities for development, with each region having its own set of resources and potential for economic growth.
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The country is landlocked
Bolivia is a landlocked country in central South America. It is one of two landlocked countries in the Americas, the other being Paraguay. Bolivia has borders with Brazil to the north and east, Paraguay to the southeast, Argentina to the south, Chile to the southwest, and Peru to the west. Bolivia's land area is 424,164 square miles (1,098,581 square kilometres).
Bolivia's terrain is incredibly diverse. The country is divided into three distinct geographic zones: the high plateau (altiplano), the temperate and semitropical valleys of the eastern mountain slopes (yungas), and the tropical lowlands (llanos) of the Amazon River Basin. The altiplano is one of the world's highest inhabited regions, with altitudes ranging from 12,000 to 14,000 feet (3,660 to 4,270 meters). This region includes Lake Titicaca, which straddles the border between Bolivia and Peru and is the world's highest navigable lake. The altiplano is surrounded by the Andean Mountains, which contain rich mineral deposits that form the backbone of Bolivia's economy.
The valleys east and northeast of the altiplano vary in altitude from 1,600 feet to 9,000 feet (490 to 2,740 meters) above sea level. These valleys are major agricultural producers, growing corn, barley, coffee, cacao, coca, citrus, and sugarcane. The major cities of Cochabamba, Sucre, and Tarija are located in these valleys.
The lowlands (llanos) cover more than two-thirds of Bolivia and are traversed by major tributaries of the Amazon River. The llanos are sparsely populated and undeveloped but offer excellent potential for agriculture and livestock raising. The city of Santa Cruz, Bolivia's second-largest and fastest-growing city, is located in this region and is a centre for the petroleum and natural gas industries.
Bolivia's landlocked status has had a significant impact on its history and development. The country has lost over half of its territory to neighbouring countries since gaining independence. Notably, Bolivia lost its coastline to Chile during the War of the Pacific (1879-1883), becoming landlocked. This loss has had lasting consequences for Bolivia's economy and access to the Pacific Ocean remains a sensitive political issue.
Despite being landlocked, Bolivia has a special economic zone in the port of Ilo, Peru, where it has sovereignty over a small area of coastline for a period of 99 years starting in 1992. Additionally, Bolivia has its own port facilities in Rosario, Argentina, on the Paraná River, which provides access to the Atlantic Ocean.
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It is the 27th largest country in the world
Bolivia is the 27th largest country in the world by area. It has a land area of 418,685 square miles and a total area of 424,164 square miles when its water area of 5,479 square miles is included. Bolivia is a landlocked country in South America, bordered by Brazil to the north and east, Paraguay to the southeast, Argentina to the south, Chile to the southwest, and Peru to the west. It is the fifth-largest country in South America and the largest landlocked country in the Southern Hemisphere.
Bolivia has three distinct geographic zones: the high plateau (altiplano), the temperate and semitropical valleys of the eastern mountain slopes (yungas), and the tropical lowlands (llanos) of the Amazon River Basin. The altiplano, which is one of the world's highest inhabited regions, is 500 miles long and 80 miles wide and sits at altitudes ranging from 12,000 to 14,000 feet. The region is home to the Aymara and Quechua Indians, who practice subsistence agriculture and grazing, keeping livestock such as sheep, cows, goats, and llamas. The altiplano surrounds Lake Titicaca, which is located on the border between Bolivia and Peru and is the world's highest navigable lake.
The valleys east and northeast of the altiplano vary in altitude from 1,600 feet to 9,000 feet above sea level and are major agricultural producers, growing corn, barley, coffee, cacao, coca, citrus, and sugarcane. The major cities of Cochabamba, Sucre, and Tarija are located in these valleys.
The lowlands (llanos) cover more than two-thirds of Bolivia and are traversed by major tributaries of the Amazon River. The region is sparsely populated and undeveloped but offers potential for agriculture and livestock raising. The city of Santa Cruz, Bolivia's second-largest and fastest-growing city, is located in the lowlands and is a centre for the petroleum and natural gas industries.
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Bolivia is the fifth-largest country in South America
The altiplano, lying between the eastern and western ridges of the Andean Mountains, is one of the world's highest inhabited regions, with altitudes ranging from 12,000 to 14,000 feet (3,660 to 4,270 meters). Lake Titicaca, which straddles the border between Bolivia and Peru, is located on the altiplano and is the world's highest navigable lake. The region is also known for its rich mineral deposits, including tin, silver, and zinc, which form the backbone of Bolivia's economy.
The valleys east and northeast of the altiplano vary in altitude from 1,600 feet to 9,000 feet (490 to 2,740 meters) above sea level. This region is a major agricultural producer, growing crops such as corn, barley, coffee, cacao, coca, citrus, and sugarcane. The major cities of Cochabamba, Sucre, and Tarija are located in these valleys.
The llanos, or lowlands, cover more than two-thirds of Bolivia and are home to major tributaries of the Amazon River. While most of the llanos are sparsely populated, the department of Santa Cruz, the second-largest and fastest-growing city in Bolivia, is located in this region. Santa Cruz is a centre for the petroleum and natural gas industries.
Bolivia is a diverse country in terms of both its geography and its people. With a population of approximately 11 million, Bolivia is home to a variety of ethnic groups, including Amerindians, Mestizos, Europeans, Asians, Africans, Arabs, and Jews. Spanish is the official language, but 36 indigenous languages also have official status, including Guaraní, Aymara, and Quechua. Bolivia's landscape ranges from the rugged Andes Mountains to the lowland plains of the Amazon Basin, making it the fifth-largest and one of the most geographically diverse countries in South America.
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It is the largest landlocked country in the Southern Hemisphere
Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country in South America. It is the largest landlocked country in the Southern Hemisphere, the 27th largest country in the world, and the fifth-largest country in South America. Bolivia has a total area of 424,162 square miles (1,098,581 square kilometres).
Bolivia is bordered by Brazil to the north and east, Paraguay to the southeast, Argentina to the south, Chile to the southwest, and Peru to the west. The country is divided into three distinct geographic zones: the high mountains (or cordillera) with its high plateau (altiplano), the intermediate valleys (between the mountains and the lowlands), and the eastern plains of the Amazon and Plate River systems. Bolivia is home to numerous renowned natural landscapes, including the Amazon Rainforest and the Andes Mountain Range.
The altiplano, or high plateau, is one of the world's highest inhabited regions, with altitudes ranging from 12,000 to 14,000 feet (3,660 to 4,270 meters). Lake Titicaca, which straddles the border between Bolivia and Peru, is located on the altiplano. The region surrounding the lake is the most agriculturally productive and populated part of the altiplano. The inhabitants of this region, mainly Aymara and Quechua Indians, have a subsistence agricultural and grazing economy, with livestock including sheep, cows, goats, alpacas, llamas, and vicuñas.
The intermediate valleys lie to the east and northeast of the altiplano and vary in altitude from 1,600 feet to 9,000 feet (490 to 2,740 meters) above sea level. These valleys are major agricultural producers of corn, barley, coffee, cacao, coca, citrus, and sugarcane. The major cities of Cochabamba, Sucre, and Tarija are situated in these valleys.
The eastern lowlands, or llanos, cover more than two-thirds of Bolivia. Major tributaries of the Amazon, including the Mamore, Beni, Ichilo, Iténes, and Madre de Díos Rivers, flow through this region. Except for the Santa Cruz Department, the lowlands are sparsely populated and undeveloped, but they offer excellent potential for agriculture and livestock raising. The cities of Santa Cruz, Trinidad, Riberalta, and Cobija are the major cities of the lowlands.
Bolivia is a diverse country, both in terms of its geography and its people. It is home to a multiethnic population, including Amerindians, Mestizos, Europeans, Asians, Africans, Arabs, and Jews, among others. The country also has a rich cultural heritage, influenced by its indigenous, Spanish, and Latin American history.
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Frequently asked questions
The area of Bolivia is 424,164 square miles.
Bolivia is slightly less than three times the size of Montana.
The area of Bolivia is 1,098,581 square kilometres.