Brunswick County's Dark History

Brunswick County, North Carolina, is the state's southernmost county, with a population of 136,693 as of 2020. It is part of the Wilmington Metropolitan Statistical Area and has a growing economy driven by tourism, with popular beach destinations like Bald Head Island and Oak Island. The county has a rich history, dating back to its formation in 1764, and offers a range of attractions, including lighthouses, maritime museums, and coastal cuisine.

The county's rapid population growth

Brunswick County, North Carolina, has experienced rapid population growth in recent years, making it one of the fastest-growing counties in the state. Between 2000 and 2020, the county's population increased significantly, from 73,143 to 136,693, resulting in a nominal growth rate of approximately 47% in just ten years. This growth is centred in the eastern section of the county, particularly in the suburbs of Wilmington, such as Leland, Belville, and Southport.

The county's growth can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, the southern portion of the county, including the town of Smithville (now known as Southport), experienced an influx of residents following the destruction of Brunswick Town during the American Revolutionary War. This early population growth laid the foundation for the county's development.

Secondly, the county's economy, largely based on tourism, has been a significant driver of population growth. Beach communities along the south-facing beaches past Cape Fear, such as Bald Head Island and Oak Island, have become popular destinations. The county's proximity to Cinespace Wilmington has also made it a desirable filming location for many movies and TV shows, attracting more people to the area.

Additionally, the development of the county's beaches and the incorporation of communities on its barrier islands, starting in the 1930s and continuing through the mid-1900s, contributed to the population boom. Six communities on the county's barrier islands were incorporated between 1955 and 1975, providing more residential options and attracting new residents.

The in-migration of retirees has also played a crucial role in Brunswick County's recent population growth. As of 2023, the county has the highest median age in North Carolina, indicating a significant presence of retirees. This ageing population contributes to the county's economic growth as well, as a substantial amount of income is generated through dividends, investments, and retirement benefits.

The diverse economy and thriving tourism

Brunswick County, North Carolina, is known for its beautiful beaches, charming coastal towns, and diverse economy. The county's economy is driven by various industries, including health care, social assistance, retail trade, and construction. In addition, its thriving tourism sector attracts visitors from all over.

The county boasts six beaches spread across five barrier islands, each with its unique character and attractions. From resort-style stays to outdoor adventures and seafood cuisine, Brunswick County has something for everyone. The beaches of Leland, Ocean Isle, Holden, Caswell, Oak, and Bald Head Island are all popular destinations for tourists seeking sun, sand, and southern hospitality.

The maritime town of Southport, known as "America's Happiest Seaside Town," is steeped in history and offers a glimpse into the past with its pirate stories and antebellum architecture. It has also served as the backdrop for several films and TV shows, including "Safe Haven" and "A Walk to Remember."

In addition to its beaches and historical sites, Brunswick County also offers a variety of festivals, outdoor activities, and unique shopping and dining experiences. The NC 4th of July Festival, the NC Festival by the Sea, and the Oak Island Farmers and Artisans Market are just a few of the events that draw visitors to the area.

History and incorporation

Brunswick County, located in North Carolina, was formed in 1764 from parts of Bladen County and New Hanover County. The area was originally inhabited by Native Americans, including the Cape Fear Indians, who were removed from the land as more settlers moved in.

In 1662, William Hilton of the Massachusetts Bay Colony explored the Cape Fear area, and a small group of New Englanders purchased land from the Cape Fear Indians. However, they left soon after, and the land remained uninhabited until 1664 when Sir John Yeamans of Barbados brought a new group of settlers to the area, establishing the first town in the new colony—Charles Town.

In 1725, settlement in Brunswick County began in earnest, with lands granted to Maurice Moore, Samuel Swann, Charles Harrison, and Eleazar Allen. Moore founded Brunswick Town in 1726, which became the county seat of New Hanover County in 1729. A rivalry between Brunswick Town and Wilmington, which became the new county seat in 1740, led to the formation of Brunswick County in 1764.

Brunswick Town was the county seat of Brunswick County until 1779, when it was moved to Lockwood Folly. During the American Revolutionary War, Brunswick Town was destroyed by British troops and was never rebuilt. The southern portion of the county then grew in population, with the town of Smithville, now known as Southport, becoming the county seat in 1808.

In 1975, the county seat was moved from Southport to Bolivia, where it remains today.

Local government and politics

Brunswick County, North Carolina, is the state's southernmost county. It has a rich political history and has historically been a part of the Wilmington Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) due to shared economic resources along the Cape Fear River. However, in 2010, the county was moved to the Myrtle Beach MSA as growth in the beach communities neighbouring South Carolina outpaced growth along the river. This decision was protested by local and statewide government officials of both parties in North Carolina, but it stood.

Brunswick County is home to nineteen municipalities, the largest being Leland, with nearly 20,000 residents. The county seat is Bolivia, with a population of around 150 people, making it one of the least populous county seats in the state. The county has a mixed voting record, having voted for both Democratic and Republican nominees in the twentieth century. However, in recent decades, it has shifted towards the Republican Party, with incoming wealthy, predominantly white retirees providing significant support.

The county's interior plains have also become more Republican, while areas like Leland, adjacent to Wilmington, are becoming more Democratic. The county has voted for the GOP nominees in every federal and statewide election since at least 2008, with Donald Trump's margin of victory in the 2016 presidential election being the highest in decades. As of early 2018, 37% of registered voters in the county were Republican, 35% were Unaffiliated, and 27% were Democrats. This shift has also been reflected in local government, with Republicans controlling every seat on the county commission and school board.

The county's rapid population growth, attractive beaches, and economic opportunities make it a desirable location for retirees and commuters, shaping its political landscape.

Crime and safety

Brunswick County, North Carolina is considered relatively safe, with a crime rate that is 71% higher than the national average. However, it is important to note that the county's crime statistics are not officially reported by the FBI, and the available data may not capture the full picture of crime in the area.

Violent crimes in Brunswick County are a particular cause for concern, with a rate that is 77% higher than the national average. The chance of becoming a victim of violent crime in the county is 1 in 153, while the chance of being a victim of property crime is 1 in 31. Overall, the chance of being a victim of any crime in Brunswick County is 1 in 26, making it safer than only 9% of counties in the United States.

The town of Southport, located in Brunswick County, is often described as beautiful and filled with wildlife. It is known for its strong sense of community and historic sites, attracting many tourists annually. Boiling Spring Lakes, another town in the county, is praised for its inclusivity and support for small businesses. However, residents have expressed concerns about the lack of sidewalks along the main roads, which may pose safety risks for pedestrians, wheelchair users, and individuals with strollers.

To address safety concerns, the Brunswick County Board of Commissioners has taken several initiatives. For instance, they have sent a letter to the NC Insurance Commissioner, expressing opposition to the proposed 2024 homeowner insurance rate increases. Additionally, the Board has approved budgets and initiatives to enhance safety and security in the county.

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