
In Austria and Germany, the word Bad is a common prefix in town names. The German Bad means bath or spa in English. Towns that are recognised as spa towns can add Bad to their name. In Austria, the state authorities decide which town may carry this title, and they do it for medical spas, thermal baths, and air spas. For example, Bad Goisern is a town that has fresh air but no conventional spa.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Meaning of "Bad" in German | Bath, spa |
| Countries using "Bad" in their place names | Germany, Austria, and Südtirol (a part of Italy) |
| Authority responsible for approving the use of "Bad" in Germany | National authorities |
| Authority responsible for approving the use of "Bad" in Austria | State authorities |
| Austrian town with "Bad" in its name but no conventional spa | Bad Goisern |
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What You'll Learn

Bad means bath or spa
In Austria and Germany, the word "bad" is frequently used in place names and means "bath" or "spa". Towns that contain medical spas or thermal baths can add the word "bad" to their name.
In Germany, such towns must be approved by national authorities, whereas in Austria, it is the state authorities that decide. An example of this is Bad Goisern, a town in Austria that has no conventional spa but is located near Bad Ischl and Bad Aussee, which do have spas.
The use of "bad" in place names is not unique to Austria and Germany, as Italy, France, Poland, and Serbia have similar regulations for town titles that refer to spas. However, German is not an official language in any of these countries, so the word "bad" is not used in their town names.
The word "bad" can also be found in the fictional place name "Bad Fucking", which is the title of a novel and film set in Austria. In this context, "bad" refers to the town being an air spa, or a place with fresh air.
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Towns with spas can be called 'Bad'
In Austria, towns with spas can be called "Bad". The word "Bad" means "bath" or "spa" in German. Towns with medical spas that are approved by the state authorities can add the word "Bad" to their names. For example, Bad Goisern in Austria is a town with fresh air but no conventional spa, while nearby towns Bad Ischl and Bad Aussee have conventional spas.
In Germany, towns with spas must be approved by the national authorities to use the title "Bad". An example of a town in Germany with the title "Bad" is Bad Aachen, which was formerly called just Aachen.
Other countries in Europe also have similar regulations for town titles that refer to spas. For instance, Italy uses the term "Terme", France uses "les-Bains", Poland uses "Zdrój", and Serbia uses "banja". However, German is not an official language in any of these countries, so the word "Bad" is not used in their town names.
The use of the word "Bad" in town names is a unique feature of German-speaking countries like Austria and Germany. It reflects the importance of spas and bathhouses in these countries' cultures and histories.
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National authorities decide in Germany, state authorities in Austria
In Austria, the word "bad" is used to refer to a town that is recognised as a spa town. The German "Bad" corresponds to the English "spa", and towns with spas that are approved by the state authorities can add "Bad" to their name. Interestingly, in Germany, it is the national authorities that decide which towns can use the title "Bad", whereas in Austria, it is the state authorities that make this decision. Austria has nine states, while Germany has sixteen.
An example of this is the town of Bad Goisern in Austria, which does not have a conventional spa but is still recognised as a spa town by the state authorities. On the other hand, the neighbouring towns of Bad Ischl and Bad Aussee have conventional spas and are thus also allowed to use the title "Bad".
The use of "Bad" in place names is not unique to Germany and Austria, as several other countries have similar regulations for town titles that refer to spas. For instance, Italy uses the term "Terme", France uses "les-Bains", Poland uses "Zdrój", and Serbia uses "banja". However, German is not the official language in any of these countries, so the word "Bad" is only used in Germany and Austria.
The Federal State of Austria, also known as the "Ständestaat", existed from 1934 to 1938 and was a one-party state led by the conservative, nationalist, corporatist, and clerical fascist Fatherland Front. During this time, Austria's government became increasingly authoritarian, with the constitution being recast into a severely corporatist and fascist-like document. The Federal State pursued harsh deflationary policies, cut spending, and kept high interest rates, which led to a catastrophic economic contraction and high unemployment rates.
Austria's political system today is very different from its past. It is now a democratic republic with a Federal Government headed by the Federal Chancellor. The Austrian Parliament consists of two chambers: the National Assembly (Nationalrat) and the Federal Council (Bundesrat). The National Assembly is the main legislative body, and legislative tasks are carried out at the federal level in conjunction with the Federal Council. The Federal Council represents the interests of the provinces in Parliament, and each federal province is administered by a Provincial Government, headed by a Provincial Governor.
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Bad Fucking is a fictional village in a book and film
In Austria, the word "bad" means "bath" or "spa". Towns containing a Heilbad or spa may carry the title "Bad" and many of them do. In Austria, it is the state authorities who decide which town may carry this title.
There is a village in Austria called Fucking, which shares its name with the progressive form of a famous English verb. In 2010, Austrian author Kurt Palm wrote a novel named "Bad Fucking", and in 2013, Austrian director Harald Sicheritz adapted the novel into a film. The fictional village of Bad Fucking is an air spa, indicated by the prefix "Bad", and is not a real place. The real village of Fucking does exist, however, and is located in Austria.
The title "Bad Fucking" is a play on words, combining the progressive form of the aforementioned English verb with the Austrian/German word for spa. The novel and film are a comedy, and the title is meant to be humorous. The village of Fucking is known for its unusual name, which has drawn attention from English-speaking tourists.
The use of "Bad" in German place names is not unique to Austria, and can be found in Germany as well. An example of a German city that used to have "Bad" in its name is Aachen, formerly known as Bad Aachen. The city removed the "Bad" from its name, possibly to be first in alphabetically ordered lists. Other German cities with "Bad" in their names include Bad Bergzabern, Bad Doberan, and Bad Schandau.
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Other countries have similar naming conventions
The word "bad" means "bath" or "spa" in German. In Germany, towns with medical spas approved by national authorities can add "Bad" to their names. In Austria, the same rule applies, but the decision is made by state authorities. An example of such a town in Austria is Bad Goisern, which has no conventional spa, but is recognized for its fresh air.
In addition, German is an official language in Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, and Belgium, but these countries do not have regulations for town titles for spas. As a result, towns in these countries do not contain the word "Bad" in their names.
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Frequently asked questions
Bad means bath or spa in German. Towns in Austria that are recognised as spa towns can add "Bad" to their name.
No, in Austria, it is the state authorities that decide which towns may carry the title of "Bad". Austria has 9 states, whereas Germany, which also has "Bad" towns, has 16 states.
No, in Austria, towns with fresh air but no water spas can also be called "Bad". An example of such a town is Bad Goisern.
Sure, some towns in Austria with "Bad" in their name include Bad Goisern, Bad Ischl, and Bad Aussee. In Germany, some towns with "Bad" in their name include Bad Bergzabern, Bad Doberan, and Bad Schandau.
Yes, Italy ("Terme"), France ("les-Bains"), Poland ("Zdrój"), and Serbia ("banja") have similar regulations for town titles that refer to spas. However, German is not an official language in any of these countries, so the word "Bad" is unique to Germany and Austria.





































