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Austria is a German-speaking country, but Austrians speak a distinct dialect of German that has its own vocabulary and variations in grammar and pronunciation. This dialect is called Austrian German, Austrian Standard German, or Austrian High German. While Standard German is commonly spoken in both formal and informal settings in Vienna, regional dialects are also prevalent throughout the country. In addition to German, other languages spoken in Austria include Austro-Bavarian, Alemannic, Turkish, Croatian, Serbian, Hungarian, and Slovene.
Characteristics | Values |
---|---|
Main language | German |
Dialects | Austrian German, Austro-Bavarian, Alemannic |
Other languages | Turkish, Croatian, Serbian, Hungarian, Slovene, English |
English speakers | 73% of the population |
What You'll Learn
Austrians speak a distinct dialect of German
Standard German is commonly used in formal and informal settings in Vienna, where people of all generations speak it. Even those who use their regional dialects in their everyday conversations can understand and be understood in Standard German. This is in contrast to many other countries, where regional dialects differ significantly from the standard variation.
Austria's German dialect is influenced by its history and geography. Landlocked and bordered by Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, and Hungary, Austria was once a centre of European traffic and a prominent empire. German has been spoken in the region since the Middle Ages, and it was the lingua franca of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from 1867 to 1915.
The wide use of Standard German in Austria makes it an ideal place to learn the language. Learners can hear the clear, correct, and standardised variation of German in daily conversations and interactions. Additionally, the standard variation is not limited to Austria but is the standard for German speakers worldwide. Therefore, learning Standard German in Austria will equip learners with the necessary skills to communicate with German speakers across the globe.
In addition to German, other languages spoken in Austria include Austro-Bavarian and Alemannic, which are quite common throughout the country. There are also minority groups that speak Turkish, Croatian, Serbian, Hungarian, and Slovene.
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German is the official language of Austria
Austrian Standard German is widely spoken in both formal and informal settings in Austria, particularly in the capital city of Vienna. Here, people of all generations speak Austrian Standard German, and even those who use regional dialects can also understand and be understood in the standard variation. This makes Austria a great place to learn German, as you can hear clear, correct, and standardized German on a daily basis.
In addition to Austrian Standard German, there are several other dialects spoken in Austria, including Austro-Bavarian and Alemannic. These dialects have different accents, vocabulary, and terminology, but they are still mutually intelligible with Austrian Standard German and German from Germany.
While German is the official language of Austria, there are also other languages spoken in the country. About 90-95% of Austrians speak Austrian German as their mother tongue, while the rest speak it as a second language. Additionally, there are several minority groups in Austria who speak other languages as their native tongues, including Turkish, Croatian, Serbian, Hungarian, and Slovene.
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Austrians also speak Austro-Bavarian
Austro-Bavarian is commonly considered to be a dialect of German, but some sources classify it as a separate language. The International Organization for Standardization has assigned a unique ISO 639-3 language code (bar) to Bavarian, and UNESCO lists it in the Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. However, the classification of Bavarian as an individual language has been criticised by some scholars.
Bavarian is spoken by approximately 12 million people in an area of around 125,000 square kilometres (48,000 sq mi), making it the largest of all German dialects. In Austria, it is spoken across the country, except in the federal state of Vorarlberg and some areas of Tyrol's Reutte District, where an Alemannic dialect is used instead.
Austro-Bavarian has its origins in the Germanic tribe known as the Bavarii, who established a tribal duchy covering much of what is today Bavaria and parts of Austria in the early Middle Ages. Over time, they gradually migrated down the Danube and into the Alps to all those areas where Austro-Bavarian dialects are spoken today.
While Standard German is the official language of Austria, and most Austrians speak it, Austro-Bavarian is also widely spoken and understood. The two languages have influenced each other, and the vast majority of Austro-Bavarian speakers can also speak Standard German.
There are several variants of Austro-Bavarian, including Central Bavarian, Southern Bavarian, and Northern Bavarian. The differences between these variants can be quite noticeable, sometimes varying between towns and even districts within towns.
Austrians take pride in their dialects, which are an important part of their identity. While Austrian dialects differ significantly from each other and from Standard German, they are still closely related and mutually intelligible.
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Alemannic is spoken in some parts of Austria
The official language of Austria is German, specifically Austrian German. However, there are many dialects and variations throughout the country. One such dialect is Alemannic, which is spoken in some parts of Austria.
Alemannic is a group of Upper German dialects that is mostly spoken in the western state of Vorarlberg. It is also spoken in Northern Switzerland and parts of southern Alsace, France. To most German speakers, it is very difficult to understand. Vorarlberg uses a High Alemannic dialect, which is the same dialect group spoken in Switzerland and parts of France. In total, there are around 300,000 Alemannic speakers in Austria.
Alemannic is one of the two major unofficial languages of Austria, the other being Austro-Bavarian. Austro-Bavarian is the main dialect outside of Vorarlberg and is the primary native language of Austria. It has approximately 8.3 million speakers in Austria.
While German is the official language of Austria, the variety spoken in the country, Austrian German, is influenced by Austro-Bavarian. The dialects of Austro-Bavarian differ greatly from Standard German, making it challenging for German speakers from other regions to understand.
In addition to Alemannic and Austro-Bavarian, several minority languages are spoken in Austria, including Turkish, Slovenian, Hungarian, Croatian, Czech, Slovak, and Romani.
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Austrians are known for their high English proficiency
Austria's main language is German, but it is not quite that simple. There is a form of German referred to as Austrian German, Austrian Standard German, or Austrian High German, which is the country's official language and is spoken by 90-95% of Austrians as their mother tongue. The remaining 5-10% speak it as a second language. Austrian German has its own vocabulary and variations in grammar and pronunciation that set it apart from the German spoken in Germany, although it is not as different as Swiss German.
Standard German is commonly used in both formal and informal settings in Austria, particularly in the capital, Vienna. Here, people of all generations speak Standard German, and even those who use regional dialects in their day-to-day lives can understand and be understood in Standard German. This makes Austria an ideal place to learn German, as you are exposed to a clear, correct, and standardized variation of the language.
Austria's German language has many dialects and variations throughout the country. For instance, the German spoken in Vienna is quite different from that in other parts of Austria. In addition to German, other languages spoken in Austria include Austro-Bavarian and Alemannic, which are quite common throughout the country, as well as Turkish, Croatian, Serbian, Hungarian, and Slovene.
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Frequently asked questions
Austrians speak a dialect of German, known as Austrian German.
Austrian German is distinct from standard German, with its own vocabulary and variations in grammar and pronunciation. However, it is not as different as Swiss German.
About 90-95% of Austrians speak Austrian German as their mother tongue, while the rest speak it as a second language.
Other languages spoken in Austria include Turkish, Croatian, Serbian, Hungarian, Slovene, Italian, and English.
Yes, Austria is considered a great place to learn German as you can hear the clear, correct, and standardized variation of the language on a daily basis.