Lyla Lindsey
Australia has a long history of international alliances and diplomatic relations with various countries. Australia's closest allies include New Zealand, the United States, the United Kingdom, and other members of the Commonwealth of Nations. Australia has also been an active participant in international organizations such as the Five Eyes intelligence alliance, the Australia-New Zealand-United Kingdom agreement, and the Five Power Defence Arrangement. In recent years, Australia has strengthened its ties with NATO and participated in various summits and cooperative initiatives. Additionally, Australia maintains strong economic relationships with countries like the United States, South Korea, Japan, China, and the United Kingdom, with bilateral Free Trade Agreements in place. Australia's involvement in global affairs and its network of alliances contribute to its standing in the international community.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Australia's best friend | New Zealand (57% of Australians agree) |
| Second-best friend | The United States (26% of Australians agree) |
| Third-best friend | The United Kingdom (13% of Australians agree) |
| Australia's largest trading partners | The United States, South Korea, Japan, China, and the United Kingdom |
| Bilateral Free Trade Agreements | New Zealand, the United States, Thailand, Singapore, and the United Kingdom |
| Australia's most important security ally | The United States |
| Australia's military protection allies | The United States, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom |
| Australia's partners in the Indo-Pacific region | Japan, the Republic of Korea, and New Zealand |
| Australia's allies in World War II | New Zealand, South Africa, and Canada |
| Members of the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS | NATO and Australia |
| Australia's operational partners in NATO Mission Iraq | NATO |
| Australia's allies in the Five Eyes intelligence alliance | New Zealand and the United Kingdom |
| Australia's allies in the Australia-New Zealand-United Kingdom agreement | New Zealand and the United Kingdom |
| Australia's allies in the Five Power Defence Arrangement | Britain and New Zealand |
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What You'll Learn
Australia's closest allies
Australia has a multitude of allies, with its closest allies being the United States, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Japan, and South Korea.
The United States is Australia's most important security ally, with the close security relationship formalised in 1951 by the Australia, New Zealand, United States Security (ANZUS) Treaty. The US supplied 80% of Australia's major weapons imports between 2014 and 2018, and the two nations have engaged in joint war drills, known as Talisman Sabre, since 2005.
New Zealand is also a close ally of Australia, with the two countries sharing a bilateral Free Trade Agreement and a security relationship through the ANZUS Treaty. According to a 2022 poll, 57% of Australians believe New Zealand is their country's best friend.
The United Kingdom is another significant ally, with Australia maintaining strong historical ties to the UK as a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. The two countries have a Free Trade Agreement and collaborate on security through the Five Power Defence Arrangement, which also includes New Zealand, to ensure the security of Singapore and Malaysia.
Japan and South Korea are also key allies of Australia. Japan was one of the first countries to establish diplomatic relations with Australia, appointing a Minister to Japan in 1940. South Korea is one of Australia's largest trading partners, and the two countries have collaborated on security through their participation in the NATO Summit in 2022 and the Talisman Sabre war drills.
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Australia's military alliances
Australia has a long history of military alliances with various countries and organisations. The country has been an active participant in international affairs, particularly in maintaining security and stability in the Asia-Pacific region.
One of Australia's closest military alliances is with the United States. This relationship was formalised in 1951 by the Australia, New Zealand, United States Security (ANZUS) Treaty, which has been the cornerstone of Australian security arrangements. The United States is Australia's largest trading partner, and the two countries have engaged in joint military exercises such as Talisman Sabre, which began in 2005.
Australia also has strong military ties with New Zealand, as evidenced by their joint participation in the ANZUS Treaty and other agreements. In a 2022 poll, 57% of Australians considered New Zealand as their country's "best friend", highlighting the close relationship between the two nations.
Australia is an active member of the Five Eyes intelligence alliance, which includes the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and New Zealand. This alliance focuses on intelligence sharing and cooperation among its members. Additionally, Australia is engaged in the Five Power Defence Arrangement with Britain and New Zealand, working to ensure the security of Singapore and Malaysia.
Australia has been strengthening its relationship with NATO, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Australia is one of NATO's partners in the Indo-Pacific region, and the two have been engaged in dialogue and cooperation since 2005. Australia has participated in NATO-led operations and missions, such as NATO Mission Iraq and Operation Sea Guardian, and has contributed to cyber defence and countering disinformation initiatives.
Australia also maintains strong military relations with other countries in the Asia-Pacific region, including Japan, South Korea, and Singapore. It has participated in joint exercises and contributed to regional security initiatives. Australia's military alliances are diverse and reflect the country's commitment to global security and cooperation.
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Australia's economic partners
Australia has a number of economic partners, with its largest trading partners being the United States, South Korea, Japan, China, and the United Kingdom. Australia has bilateral Free Trade Agreements with New Zealand, the United States, Thailand, Singapore, and the United Kingdom.
The United States has been Australia's most important security ally since World War II, formalised by the Australia, New Zealand, United States Security (ANZUS) Treaty in 1951. Australia has also been an active member of the Five Eyes intelligence alliance, which includes the United States, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand. Australia's military has historically been well-equipped, with the country being the eighth-largest importer of major weapons in the world, 80% of which come from the United States.
Australia has been strengthening its relations with NATO, particularly in addressing shared security challenges such as cyber defence, hybrid threats, and upholding a rules-based international order. Australia is one of four 'Enhanced Opportunities Partners', recognising its significant contributions to NATO operations and Alliance objectives. Australia also participates in NATO missions such as Operation Sea Guardian and NATO Mission Iraq, contributing to the fight against ISIS and maritime security.
Australia has also been building its economic partnerships in the Indo-Pacific region, with countries such as Japan, South Korea, and New Zealand. Australia is also exploring Free Trade Agreements with ASEAN, China, Chile, India, Indonesia, and Malaysia.
New Zealand is often considered Australia's best friend globally, with 57% of Australians holding this view. This is followed by the United States at 26% and the United Kingdom at 13%.
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Australia's diplomatic relationships
Australia has a complex network of diplomatic relationships, with a long list of alliances and agreements. Australia has established formal diplomatic relations with all members of the United Nations, as well as the Holy See, Kosovo, Cook Islands, and Niue.
Historically, Australia has had strong ties with the United States, which became its most important security ally during World War II. This relationship was formalised in 1951 by the Australia, New Zealand, United States Security (ANZUS) Treaty, which remains a cornerstone of Australian security. During the Cold War, Australia aligned itself with the Western Powers, contributing to UN forces in the Korean War and sending troops to assist in anti-communist efforts in Malaya and Sarawak. Australia also joined the United States and South Vietnam in the Vietnam War, despite domestic opposition.
Australia has maintained its close relationship with the US, with the US supplying 80% of Australia's major weapons imports. Australia is also an active member of the Five Eyes intelligence alliance, which includes the US, and has participated in joint military exercises with the US, such as Talisman Sabre.
In addition to the US, Australia has strong diplomatic ties with other countries, including New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Japan, and South Korea. Australia has bilateral Free Trade Agreements with several countries, including New Zealand, the US, and the UK. Australia also has a close relationship with NATO, cooperating on issues such as cyber defence, technology, and maritime security. Australia is one of NATO's partners in the Indo-Pacific region and has participated in NATO summits and meetings.
Australia has also been an important contributor to UN peacekeeping missions and other multilateral security missions, demonstrating its commitment to international cooperation and peace.
According to a 2022 poll, New Zealand was considered Australia's "best friend" by 57% of Australians, followed by the US at 26%, and the UK at 13%.
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Australia's foreign policy
Australia has a long history of diplomatic relations with countries around the world and is an active participant in several international organisations and alliances. As of 2011, Australia had established formal diplomatic relations with all members of the United Nations, as well as the Holy See, Kosovo, Cook Islands, and Niue.
One of Australia's closest allies is New Zealand, with both countries sharing a close cultural and historical connection. Australia and New Zealand have a strong economic relationship, with a bilateral Free Trade Agreement in place, and they also cooperate closely on security matters. In fact, in a 2022 poll, 57% of Australians considered New Zealand to be their country's "best friend", ranking it above other nations.
The United States is another key ally for Australia, with the two countries having a strong military and security relationship formalised by the Australia, New Zealand, United States Security (ANZUS) Treaty. The US is Australia's largest trading partner, and the two nations often engage in joint military exercises, such as Talisman Sabre, which also involves other allies and partners.
Australia is also an active member of the Five Eyes intelligence alliance, which includes the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and New Zealand. Australia has participated in UN peacekeeping missions and contributed to other multilateral security missions, often in alliance with Western powers.
In recent years, Australia has been strengthening its relations with NATO, particularly in addressing shared security challenges such as cyber defence and countering hybrid threats. Australia is one of NATO's partners in the Indo-Pacific region and has contributed to NATO-led operations and missions for decades.
Australia also maintains a well-equipped military and is a significant importer of major weapons, with the US and Spain being its main suppliers. The country has a long list of alliances and participates in global forums, actively engaging in international affairs and contributing to global security and cooperation.
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Frequently asked questions
Australia has a longstanding alliance with the United States of America. The two countries have been involved in most major American military endeavours since World War II, including the Korean War, Vietnam War, Gulf War and the Iraq War. Australia also has a close relationship with the United Kingdom, with which it signed a significant security partnership in 2021. Australia has bilateral Free Trade Agreements with New Zealand, Thailand and Singapore, and the majority of Australians (57%) consider New Zealand to be Australia's "best friend".
The Australia, New Zealand, United States Security (ANZUS) Treaty was formalised in 1951 and remains the cornerstone of Australian security arrangements. The alliance has only been invoked once, for the invasion of Afghanistan after the September 11 attacks.
AUKUS is a security partnership between Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States aimed at upholding security in the Indo-Pacific region. It was signed in 2021.
Australia has been an active member of the Five Eyes intelligence alliance, and the Five Power Defence Arrangement with Britain and New Zealand to ensure the security of Singapore and Malaysia. Australia has also been involved in UN peacekeeping missions and multilateral security missions, often in alliance with the United States.
