Lyla Lindsey
Tooth fillings are dental materials that dentists use to fill cavities, restore appearance and functionality, and prevent further decay. In Australia, fillings are made from a variety of materials, including amalgam, composite resin, ceramic, gold, and glass ionomer. Composite fillings are made from a mixture of glass and plastic resin and are designed to match the colour of the original tooth. Amalgam fillings, also known as silver amalgam, are composed of a mixture of metals, including silver, copper, and tin. Gold fillings are made from gold alloys, while glass ionomer fillings are made from a combination of glass and plastic. Ceramic fillings are typically made from porcelain and are designed to closely match the natural colour of the tooth.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Purpose | Fill tooth gaps, cracks, and cavities; restore shape and protect teeth from misalignment |
| Materials | Amalgam, composite resin, ceramic, gold, glass ionomer, porcelain |
| Amalgam fillings | Silver or metal fillings; a mixture of metals including silver, copper, tin, and mercury |
| Composite fillings | Tooth-coloured fillings; made of plastic and glass particles or composite resin; designed to match the colour of the original tooth |
| Ceramic fillings | Made of porcelain; more resistant and durable than composite resin; less likely to stain |
| Gold fillings | Made of gold, copper, and other relevant metals; highly durable and long-lasting but do not match the colour of natural teeth |
| Glass ionomer fillings | Made of acrylic and glass material; used in areas that don't require chewing or biting, such as along the gum line |
| Porcelain fillings | Designed to match the natural colour of the tooth; more aesthetically pleasing and durable than other types of fillings |
| Risks | Sensitivity to temperature, nerve damage, misalignment issues, release of toxins (e.g. mercury), increased risk of cavities if gaps remain |
| Cost | Varies depending on type and size of filling; average composite resin filling starts from AUD 50, while porcelain inlays can start from AUD 355 |
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What You'll Learn
Composite fillings
Composite resin fillings are applied directly to the tooth in layers and are then cured with a blue light, which hardens the material. This process is known as a direct filling and can usually be completed in one dental visit. Composite fillings can also be created indirectly, where the dentist prepares the tooth and takes an impression, which is then used to create the filling in a laboratory or by the dentist. This type of filling usually requires two visits to the dentist.
In addition to restoring cavities, composite resin can be used to improve the shape and colour of teeth. It can be used to repair chips, cracks, and teeth worn down by grinding. Composite resin is also versatile and can be combined with other materials, such as glass ionomer, to enhance its benefits. However, composite fillings may not be suitable for filling cavities on the chewing surfaces of molars, as these areas are subject to more pressure, and composite fillings may not offer the same level of strength and durability as amalgam fillings.
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Ceramic fillings
In Australia, dental fillings are made from a variety of materials, including amalgam, composite resin, ceramic, gold, and glass ionomer. Amalgam fillings, also known as silver fillings, have been the most common type of filling material used in dentistry for over a century. However, they are less frequently used today due to their noticeable silver/metal colour, which does not match the natural colour of teeth. Composite resin fillings, also known as tooth-coloured fillings, are designed to match the colour of the original tooth, making them more aesthetically pleasing. They are made from a mixture of powdered glass and plastic resin and are often used to repair chipped, broken, or worn teeth.
The cost of dental fillings in Australia varies depending on several factors, including the type of filling material used, the location of the affected tooth, and the number of teeth being treated. Ceramic fillings, which contain porcelain, tend to be more expensive than composite resin and amalgam fillings. For example, a single cast-gold or porcelain filling can range from $900 to $4,500, while a porcelain onlay costs between $650 and $990. On the other hand, a silver amalgam filling is significantly cheaper, typically costing between $50 and $150 per filling.
When choosing a filling material, it is important to consider factors such as aesthetics, durability, cost, and the location of the filling in the mouth. Composite resin fillings are often preferred for front teeth due to their natural appearance, while gold fillings are known for their longevity and ability to withstand pressure. Glass ionomer fillings, made from a combination of glass and plastic or acrylic, are commonly used in areas that don't experience much pressure, such as along the gum line or on baby teeth. Ultimately, the dentist will examine the tooth and recommend the most suitable filling material based on the patient's individual needs and preferences.
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Amalgam fillings
Despite these drawbacks, amalgam fillings remain a popular choice due to their strength, durability, and cost-effectiveness. They are particularly suitable for larger cavities and for areas where the filling will not be visible, such as the back teeth.
When deciding on a filling material, it is important to consider factors such as the size and location of the cavity, cosmetic concerns, and cost. Consulting with a dentist is essential to determine the most suitable filling material for each individual case.
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Gold fillings
Gold dental fillings have been used for centuries, with gold crowns being first used over nineteen hundred years ago. The gold content in these fillings can vary, ranging from 10 to 18 karats, with an average of 11.5 karats or 47.9% gold. Other metals found in dental gold alloys include palladium, silver, chrome, nickel, tin, and trace amounts of other metals.
When choosing a filling material, it is important to consult with a dentist to determine the best option for your specific needs and tooth location. Factors such as the size of the cavity, aesthetics, durability, and cost will influence the decision-making process.
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Glass ionomer fillings
Compared to composite and amalgam fillings, glass ionomer fillings lack strength and wear resistance. They are less durable and more prone to chipping. As such, they are typically used as temporary restorations in adult patients, to be replaced by more permanent fillings later.
Resin-modified glass ionomer fillings combine the benefits of traditional glass ionomers with resin-based materials, offering improved strength and aesthetics. Compomers are a hybrid of composite resin and glass ionomer materials, providing better aesthetics than traditional glass ionomers.
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Frequently asked questions
Fillings in Australia are made from a variety of materials, including amalgam, composite resin, ceramic, gold, and glass ionomer.
Amalgam fillings, also known as silver amalgam, are composed of a mixture of metals, including silver, copper, and tin, and sometimes mercury.
Composite fillings are made of a mixture of powdered glass and plastic resin. They are designed to look as much like the original tooth as possible.
Gold fillings are made of gold, copper, and other metals to make them strong and durable.
