Brunei Darussalam: A Safe Country To Visit?

Brunei Darussalam, officially known as Brunei, is a small yet wealthy country located in Southeast Asia. It is situated on the northern coast of the island of Borneo and surrounded by the Malaysian state of Sarawak. With a population of just under half a million, Brunei is known for its lush rainforests, majestic mosques, and vibrant culture that blends rich traditions with modern allure. In terms of safety, Brunei has been assessed as a Level 1 destination by the U.S. Department of State, indicating that normal precautions should be exercised when travelling to the country. While crime rates are generally low, it is important to remain vigilant and follow local laws and cultural norms to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience in Brunei.

Brunei Darussalam's safety for LGBTQI+ travellers

Brunei Darussalam is a monarchy governed by Sultan Haji Hassanal Bolkiah. The country has a poor record on LGBTQI+ rights, with both male and female expressions of homosexuality being illegal. Under the country's Sharia Penal Code, same-sex sexual activity between men is punishable by death by stoning, and sex between women is punishable by caning or imprisonment. The sultanate applied a moratorium on the death penalty in 2019, which was still in effect as of May 2023, but it could be revoked at any time.

LGBTQI+ individuals in Brunei face legal challenges and societal discrimination not experienced by non-LGBTQ+ residents. They report pressure from their families to marry someone of the opposite sex and have children, as well as discrimination in employment, housing, recreation, and education. The LGBTQI+ community in Brunei is very hidden and secret, and individuals feel the need to remain discreet about their sexual orientation.

International human rights activists have advised LGBTQI+ individuals, as well as religious and ethnic minorities, to remain discreet in the country. Anyone convicted of "tarnishing the image of Islam" may be heavily punished. The government has also been known to monitor the activities and communications of LGBTQI+ individuals.

In terms of safety for LGBTQI+ travellers, it is important to be aware of the local laws and customs before travelling to Brunei. While the death penalty for same-sex sexual activity is currently under moratorium, other penalties such as imprisonment, whipping, and caning are still in place. It is also important to note that public displays of affection, including kissing, are illegal in Brunei, and that the country has strict religious laws that must be followed by both residents and foreigners. These laws include restrictions on preaching without government permission and consuming food, drink, or tobacco in public during the fasting hours of Ramadan.

Additionally, non-Muslims may be arrested for being in close proximity with a Muslim of the opposite sex under the Sharia Penal Code, an offence known as khalwat. This includes activities such as holding hands or kissing.

Overall, while serious crime is rare in Brunei, travellers should exercise normal safety precautions and be aware of the local laws and cultural norms to ensure a safe trip.

Safety for women travellers

Brunei is considered a safe destination for women, whether travelling solo or in a group. However, it's important to be aware of cultural differences and local laws to ensure a safe and respectful visit. Here are some key points for women travellers to keep in mind:

• Dress Code: Women are expected to dress modestly and conservatively. While a headscarf is not required, it is best to wear loose-fitting clothing that covers the body. Avoid revealing too much skin. Full-length pants or skirts that cover the thighs, along with shirts that cover the elbows, are good choices.
• Mosques: When visiting mosques, women should wear modest clothing. The national mosques provide free full-body gowns at the women's entrance for those who need them.
• Swimwear: Bikini-style swimsuits are acceptable at private beaches but not at public beaches. Check with hotels or tour operators about their specific rules.
• Social Norms: By Western standards, Brunei is conservative regarding gender dynamics. Avoid shaking hands with someone of the opposite sex. Instead, smile and acknowledge them while maintaining a slight distance. Public displays of romantic affection are generally considered distasteful and should be avoided.
• Safety at Night: Brunei is known for its low crime rate, and night safety is not a significant concern in most areas. Bandar Seri Begawan, Gadong, and Kampong Ayer are considered safe at night, with well-lit streets and bustling markets. However, it is always good to stay vigilant and follow basic safety precautions.
• Transport: Taxis are scarce and expensive, so it is recommended to start your day early and retire early. Public buses are affordable but have limited operating hours, usually ending around 6 pm.
• Crime: While the crime rate is low, solo women travellers should still take regular precautions to ensure their safety and the security of their belongings.
• Local Interactions: Bruneians are known for their friendliness and hospitality. They are willing to offer help and engage in conversations. It is easy to form connections and get around with their assistance.

Overall, Brunei Darussalam, which translates to "The Kingdom of Peaceful Abode" or "Abode of Peace", offers a safe and unique travel experience for women. By respecting local customs and staying vigilant, women travellers can explore this laid-back, conservative, and charming country with confidence.

Safety for travellers with disabilities

Brunei has signed the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, and the country's laws prohibit discrimination against people with physical, sensory, intellectual, or mental disabilities. These laws are enforced, and social acceptance of persons with disabilities in public is similar to that in the United States. However, there are no specific laws governing accessibility in Brunei, and travellers with disabilities may encounter some challenges.

For example, wheelchair ramps may not be available on all sidewalks, which often have deep and wide gutters that may not be covered. Buildings may not always have wheelchair-accessible doorways or elevators, and crosswalks, elevators, and buildings typically lack signage or warnings for individuals with visual or hearing impairments. Therefore, travellers with disabilities should carefully consider their accommodation and transportation options before visiting Brunei to ensure they can navigate the local environment safely.

In terms of general safety, travellers to Brunei should exercise normal safety precautions. While serious crime is rare, petty crimes such as theft, burglary, and vehicle break-ins do occur, so it is important to keep valuables secure and always lock accommodation and vehicles. Additionally, Brunei experiences heavy rain, thunderstorms, and lightning strikes throughout the year, and these weather conditions can change quickly, so it is essential to be prepared and follow the recommendations of qualified personnel and local authorities, especially when sailing, hiking, or in remote areas.

Crocodile attacks have occurred along the rivers in Brunei, so caution should be exercised around water sources, and local authorities' advice should be followed. There are also venomous snakes in the country, so keep your distance if you encounter one. Brunei is also home to stray dogs, so it is important not to approach or touch them. Although there have been no recent reported cases of rabies in the country, cases have been reported in nearby Malaysia, and rabies can be fatal. Therefore, if you are bitten or scratched by any animal, seek medical attention immediately.

It is also important to be aware of local laws and customs when visiting Brunei. The country has strict religious laws, including laws around fasting during Ramadan, preaching without government permission, and Muslim religious observance. Brunei's Sharia Penal Code, which took full effect in April 2019, applies to everyone, including foreigners and non-Muslims, and some crimes, including blasphemy, sodomy, and adultery, carry the death penalty under this code. Additionally, Brunei's common law includes offences that may not be considered crimes in other countries, such as conducting sexual relations outside of marriage and engaging in intimate public displays of affection. It is illegal to sell or consume alcohol in public, and smoking is prohibited in most public places. It is also illegal to import alcohol and tobacco above the specified limits.

Safety for faith-based travellers

Brunei Darussalam is a safe place for travellers, but it's important to exercise normal safety precautions. Crime levels are generally low, but there are occasional incidents of petty crime against tourists, as well as house burglaries. To protect yourself, avoid carrying valuables, and don't leave possessions in unattended vehicles.

As a faith-based traveller, it's important to be aware of Brunei's religious laws and cultural differences. Islam is the official religion, and the country has strict religious laws that apply to everyone, including foreigners and non-Muslims. Here are some key considerations for faith-based travellers:

• Religious Laws: Brunei follows a dual legal system, with one secular and one Sharia law. While the constitution guarantees freedom of religion, there are restrictions on the practice of non-Islamic beliefs. Proselytising by non-Islamic faiths is not permitted, and there are laws against blasphemy and apostasy, which are punishable by death.
• Ramadan: During the holy month of Ramadan, it is illegal to eat, drink, or smoke in public during fasting hours. This applies to everyone, regardless of their religious beliefs. Additionally, businesses and offices are closed between 12 pm and 2 pm on Fridays for prayers.
• Dress Code: Modest dress is expected, especially when visiting government and public buildings such as health centres. Women are not legally required to wear head coverings in public, but there is social pressure to do so.
• LGBTQIA+ Travellers: Brunei criminalises same-sex sexual activity and relationships between Muslims and non-Muslims. These offences can carry severe penalties, including the death penalty.
• Alcohol and Smoking: The sale and public consumption of alcohol are banned in Brunei. Non-Muslims over 17 can import a limited amount of alcohol for private consumption, but must declare it to customs authorities. Smoking is also prohibited in certain public places.
• Places of Worship: There are 110 mosques and prayer halls, six Christian churches, three Chinese temples, and one Hindu temple officially registered in the country.
• Local Customs: Be respectful of local traditions and customs. Avoid criticising the Bruneian Royal Family, as this can cause great offence. Additionally, be cautious when commenting on local issues, especially those related to the royal family or religion.

Safety for tourists

The official travel advice for Brunei is to 'exercise normal safety precautions'. This means that tourists should take the same care that they would at home, and be aware of their surroundings.

Serious crime is rare in Brunei, but tourists should be aware of petty crimes such as theft, burglary, and vehicle break-ins. To protect yourself, keep your valuables secure and out of sight, avoid secluded locations, and always lock your accommodation and vehicle.

Brunei is a Muslim country with strict religious laws. Tourists should be aware of and respect local customs and traditions. For example, it is illegal to eat, drink, or smoke in public during the fasting hours of Ramadan. Other laws include a ban on the sale and consumption of alcohol and smoking in most public places. It is also illegal to import alcohol and tobacco above the legal limits. Brunei's Sharia Penal Code, which applies to everyone including foreigners and non-Muslims, includes harsh punishments such as the death penalty for crimes including blasphemy, sodomy, and adultery.

Natural dangers include heavy rain, thunderstorms, lightning strikes, and flooding, which can occur throughout the year. Crocodiles are common in Brunei and have been known to attack people, so caution should be taken around water sources. There are also venomous snakes, and stray dogs are common, so tourists should avoid touching or approaching animals.

The tourism industry in Brunei is generally well-regulated, with appropriate signage for hazardous areas and professional staff on hand for organised activities. First responders and medical professionals may take longer to reach remote areas, so it is recommended that tourists purchase medical evacuation insurance.

##

Frequently asked questions