Exploring Bolivia: Is It Safe To Travel There?

Bolivia is a landlocked country in western-central South America, bordering Brazil, Peru, Chile, Argentina and Paraguay. It is a popular destination for backpackers, but how safe is it?

Bolivia has the lowest crime rates in South America and its people are friendly. However, petty crime such as pickpocketing and theft is common, especially in locations popular with tourists like La Paz, Santa Cruz, Cochabamba, Copacabana and Oruro. Violent crime is also on the rise, with tourists being targeted by kidnappers who force them to withdraw money from ATMs.

There is also a high risk of getting scammed. Scams include the spilled substance scam, the fake police scam and the false tourist scam.

Bolivia is experiencing civil unrest and political and social tension, which has led to anti-government protests throughout the country. These demonstrations can turn violent and often result in roadblocks.

The country also has a drug problem, being the third largest cocaine producer in the world. There are strict laws and penalties for anyone found trafficking or possessing illegal substances.

Despite the dangers, many travellers report feeling safe in Bolivia, saying that common sense and precaution measures are enough to stay safe.

Crime and safety

Although Bolivia has far lower levels of theft and violent crime than its neighbouring countries Peru and Brazil, crime levels have been rising in recent years. Most ordinary Bolivians are shocked by stories of theft or assault, and the threat of crime is no greater in Bolivian cities than in North America or Europe. However, tourists stand out as extremely wealthy, and are therefore common targets for opportunistic theft and, more rarely, violence.

Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and purse snatching, is common in large cities, including La Paz, Santa Cruz, Cochabamba, Copacabana, and Oruro, particularly during festival times. Violent crime against tourists is uncommon but does occur, and foreigners have been victims of armed robberies and assaults at tourist destinations.

Thefts at ATMs are becoming more common and often result in assaults. It is therefore advised to avoid withdrawing cash at night or in secluded locations. Violent crimes in Bolivia include express kidnappings, where criminals target a foreigner, take them hostage, and force them to withdraw money from ATMs. These kidnappings most often occur in the downtown area of La Paz, including Plaza Abaroa, Plaza Humbolt, Plaza Isabel La Católica, Plaza del Estudiante, Plaza San Francisco, and the Altiplano.

Criminals often work in organised groups and use various strategies to distract their victims, such as starting a conversation or offering help, throwing an object or liquid on them, or posing as a victim of crime. It is advised to be cautious of strangers approaching you and to remain alert to your surroundings at all times.

Scams are also common in Bolivia. One scam involves criminals posing as police officers and asking to examine a traveller's belongings or requesting that they accompany them to a fake police station. Under Bolivian law, there is no obligation to comply with this request unless the officer has a formal written request from a judge.

Credit card and ATM fraud occur, so it is advised to pay careful attention when others are handling your cards and to use ATMs located in well-lit public areas.

Public transport and transport hubs are also common locations for theft and violent crime. It is advised to only use reputable taxi companies or trusted ride-sharing apps and to avoid hailing taxis on the street.

Women travelling alone may be subject to harassment or verbal abuse, and there have been incidents of sexual assault against women travellers, including on guided tours.

Transport safety

Public transportation is unreliable and unsafe, with common strikes affecting services. Crime is high on public transportation and at transportation hubs, with tourists frequently targeted for theft and pickpocketing. Buses are often poorly maintained and lack seatbelts, and road accidents involving buses are frequent, especially with overnight buses. Taxis are also unsafe, with many being unregistered and some drivers working with accomplices to target passengers for robbery.

If you are travelling by road in Bolivia, it is recommended that you use a reputable taxi company or a trusted ride-sharing app, and avoid hailing taxis on the street. When taking a taxi, check for a sticker on the windscreen or windows, as registered taxis should display one. Do not get into a taxi already carrying other passengers.

If you are driving, it is important to have a four-wheel-drive vehicle, especially outside major cities and during the rainy season. Be aware of broken-down vehicles with no warning lights, which are a frequent hazard on roads at night.

For long-distance travel, it is recommended to use a reputable tour bus company.

When travelling by boat, make sure the boat is carrying appropriate safety equipment, including life jackets accessible to all passengers at all times. Avoid boarding boats that appear overloaded or unsafe.

Overall, it is important to exercise caution when using transportation in Bolivia and to be aware of your surroundings at all times.

Political and social tensions

Bolivia has been in a state of political and social turmoil since 2019, when accusations of election fraud during the presidential election led to the resignation of longtime President Evo Morales. This event brought about demands for more transparency from both government institutions and political parties. Demonstrations occur frequently, often with little or no notice, and even peaceful demonstrations can turn violent. They can also lead to disruptions to traffic and public transportation. Protesters may also use dynamite during protests, and the police often respond with tear gas to disperse crowds.

In 2020, Luis Arce, from the Movement for Socialism (MAS) party, won the presidential election with 55% of the vote. However, citizens opposing MAS's return to power demanded an audit of the election process to verify Arce was the legitimate winner. This demand for transparency in the political and electoral processes was a common theme among protesters across different departments, including Cochabamba, Santa Cruz, and La Paz.

The MAS victory also influenced its supporters to take control of the management of social and workers' funds, which they claimed should be managed by members of their political party. These attempts to take over control of the offices of several public funds often turned violent.

In addition to the political tensions, Bolivia also faces an unprecedented economic crisis that has been amplified by the coronavirus pandemic. The economic crisis has led to protests and strikes, further contributing to the social tensions in the country.

The country's justice system has also been plagued by political interference, with both the Jeanine Áñez government and the Luis Arce government pursuing baseless or excessive charges against political opponents. The lack of independence in the judicial system has resulted in a lack of trust and confidence in the system.

Furthermore, women's rights organizations have reported that domestic violence survivors receive poor representation from public defenders and that the lack of public services, lengthy judicial processes, and financial burdens discourage most women from reporting domestic abuse.

Indigenous communities also face obstacles in exercising their right to free, prior, and informed consent regarding measures that may affect them. They are severely affected by fires set by farmers that spread to Indigenous lands.

Overall, the political and social tensions in Bolivia are characterized by frequent demonstrations, a lack of trust in the justice system, economic crises, and social issues such as domestic violence and the lack of Indigenous rights.

Scams

• The "fake police" scam: Criminals pose as police officers, sometimes with uniforms, realistic-looking identification, and even fake police stations. They target foreigners, "arresting" them for supposed drug trafficking and demanding payment of a fine or their ID, which they will steal. If approached, ask to see a warrant and contact your embassy immediately.
• The "spilled substance" scam: A stranger will "accidentally" spill something on you, and another person will offer to help clean you up, stealing your valuables in the process. If something is spilled on you, refuse any help and clean yourself.
• The "fake tourist" scam: A friendly "tourist" will approach and try to befriend you, perhaps inviting you to a friend's home, where you will likely be robbed.
• The "fake tourist/police" scam: A "tourist" will befriend you and then be accused of drug possession by a uniformed "officer". You will both be taken to a fake police station where your belongings will be stolen.
• The "full hotel" scam: A taxi driver will tell you that the hotel or hostel you have booked is full or terrible, and recommend another place that is more expensive. Insist on being taken to your original destination.
• The "no change" scam: Taxi drivers will claim to not have change for large bills in the hope that you will let them keep the difference. Ask if they have change before getting in.
• The "stain on your clothes" scam: A scammer will point out a (fake) stain on your clothes and offer to help clean it, using the distraction to steal your valuables.
• The "dodgy electronics" scam: Be wary of buying electronic goods from markets, as they may not work. Always ask to try before you buy.
• The "border crossing" scam: Officials may try to fine you for not having the correct paperwork when entering or leaving the country. Always make sure you have the correct stamps in your passport, and don't let anyone look at your phone, where they may claim to find illegal content.

In general, be aware of anyone who approaches you in the street, and never get into a taxi that already has passengers. Be wary of anyone who tries to distract you, and always keep your valuables secure and out of sight.

Health and safety

Bolivia is a landlocked country in South America, bordering Brazil, Peru, Chile, Argentina, and Paraguay. It is a popular destination for backpackers and nature lovers, with its diverse geography and ethnicities. However, it is important to be aware of potential health and safety risks when travelling to Bolivia.

Crime

Petty crime, such as pickpocketing and theft, is common in Bolivia, especially in tourist hotspots, restaurants, shops, and on public transportation. Violent crime also exists, including armed robberies and assaults. There have also been reports of kidnappings, where foreigners are taken hostage and forced to withdraw money from ATMs. To reduce the risk of becoming a victim, it is recommended to remain vigilant and aware of your surroundings, keep your belongings secure, and avoid travelling alone or at night.

Transportation

Transportation in Bolivia is considered unreliable and unsafe. Common strikes affect public transport, and road blockades due to protests or demonstrations can disrupt travel plans. It is advised to avoid the Coronilla Hill area in Cochabamba, as it is known for drug addicts and alcoholics. When taking a taxi, only use reputable companies or ride-sharing apps, as there have been reports of criminal taxi drivers.

Natural Disasters

The rainy season in Bolivia, from November to March, can be risky for tourists due to the possibility of floods and landslides, especially in mountainous areas.

Health

There are no official minimum safety standards for tour operators in Bolivia, and reputable tour operators are limited. It is recommended to only participate in tours with well-established companies, especially for adventure activities such as mountain biking and hiking. Altitude sickness is a concern in Bolivia, as many areas are located at high altitudes. It is important to monitor for symptoms and seek medical attention if necessary. The quality of healthcare varies in the country, with good healthcare available only in private hospitals in larger cities. It is recommended to purchase travel insurance that covers medical evacuation and hospital stays.

Food and Water

It is not safe to drink tap water in Bolivia, and there is a risk of travellers' diarrhea due to contaminated food or water. It is advised to be cautious when consuming ice cubes, uncooked vegetables, and meat, which may be undercooked.

Protests and Civil Unrest

Bolivia has experienced civil unrest and anti-government protests due to political and social tensions. These demonstrations can turn violent, and road blockades are common. It is recommended to avoid large gatherings and follow the instructions of local authorities.

Scams

There are several scams that tourists should be aware of in Bolivia. These include the "spilled substance" scam, where thieves distract victims by spilling something on them and then stealing their valuables; the "fake police" scam, where criminals pose as police officers and demand bribes or confiscate identification; and the "false tourist" scam, where a friendly tourist approaches and then leads the victim into a kidnapping or robbery situation.

Drug Crime

Bolivia is the third-largest cocaine producer in the world, and there is an ongoing drug problem in the country. Strict laws and penalties are in place for drug-related offences, and it is advised to avoid any involvement with illegal substances.

Frequently asked questions