Belize: Safe Retirement Haven?

Belize is a popular retirement destination for expats due to its natural beauty, perfect weather, English-speaking community, and lower costs of living. However, it is important to consider safety when retiring in Belize. While tourist and expat areas are generally safe, Belize has a high crime rate, with the murder rate being among the highest in the world. Crimes such as burglary, pickpocketing, theft, and assault are common, and violent crimes, often involving gangs and drug trafficking, are also prevalent. Additionally, there are health risks, such as mosquitoes carrying the Zika virus, and subpar healthcare services. Nevertheless, with common sense and crime-prevention measures, Belize can be a safe place to retire.

Crime rate and safety precautions

Belize is a third-world country with a high crime rate, including violent crimes, and is tied with Colombia in this regard. The murder rate in Belize is between the third and sixth highest in the world, comparable to major cities in the US like Detroit, Chicago, and Houston. Criminal activity, including armed robbery, mugging, and sexual assault, is a significant problem throughout the country, with robberies and assaults reported even in resort areas. Violent crime has increased since 2013, specifically targeting tourists.

Belize is also a major port in the transportation of illegal drugs, and criminals from the US and other countries often flee to Belize. The country's poverty level contributes to the high crime rate, with residents resorting to stealing to obtain what they need. If victims resist, they are often met with violence.

The border crossing into Guatemala or Mexico, as well as the south side of Belize City, are particularly dangerous areas with high crime rates.

However, tourist and expat areas of Belize are generally considered safe, and crime is similar to most other tourism areas worldwide.

• Travel in groups, especially at night, and take a cab if you need to go out after dark.
• Avoid dangerous areas like border crossings, and never travel there at night.
• Don't wear expensive jewellery or display signs of wealth.
• Stay in populated areas and avoid isolated bars, restaurants, or attractions.
• Have a trustworthy friend or neighbour watch your property if you're away.
• Don't go trekking alone; find a group with a reliable guide and research the company.
• Only use reputable companies for trips, dives, snorkelling, etc.
• Don't give anyone money in advance for a service.
• Keep small bills on hand for tips, taxi fares, and shopping.
• Avoid back road trips during the rainy season, as roads may be impassable.
• If you go snorkelling or diving, ensure there's a serviceable boat with a guide and enough fuel.
• Use bug spray regularly to protect against mosquitoes carrying the Zika virus.
• Don't rely on the local police force for safety; they lack the resources and training to deal with most hostile situations effectively.

Healthcare access

Belize's healthcare system provides services through both the public and private sectors. The Ministry of Health (MoH) oversees the entire healthcare network, controlling and funding the public health system. All residents, including expats, are entitled to medical services from public health facilities, which are free or very inexpensive. However, the public system is somewhat underfunded, with much of the funding going to Belize City and the country's top-ranking public hospital, the Karl Heusner Memorial Hospital (KHMH). There are also around 60 state clinics and seven other state-run hospitals.

The private health system in Belize is generally of higher quality, particularly for specialised care, but it is more expensive. Most physicians in Belize speak English and Spanish. Dental care is both high-quality and affordable, making the country a destination for medical tourism.

Belize's healthcare system is limited in its ability to service more complex conditions, and many expats travel to nearby countries like Ecuador, Mexico, or Guatemala for treatment. US retirees may arrange semi-annual returns to the US to use their Medicare, using Belize's public system for minor treatment.

Pharmacies in Belize tend to charge less for prescriptions than in the US, and many medications that require prescriptions in the US are available over the counter.

Finding a general physician (GP) in Belize is often done through word of mouth, and expats can check Belize's expat Facebook groups for recommendations. Seeing a specialist may require a referral and travel to larger cities like Belize City or out of the country.

Expats can access the public healthcare system by registering with the Social Security Board (SSB), either in person or online. This is available to both temporary and permanent residents. Social security registration is mandatory for children aged 14 or younger.

Private healthcare is also an option for those who can afford it, and it is funded by patient fees. International insurers like Cigna offer private insurance options covering Belize and other Latin American countries.

The cost of medical treatment in Belize is relatively affordable compared to the US. A day's stay in a private hospital costs around $200 USD, and surgeries range from $500 to $5000 USD.

Recommendations for Retirees

While Belize offers beautiful scenery and a back-to-basics approach to living, it may not be the best choice for retirees with serious health care needs. The country's small population limits its healthcare resources, and while there are competent and dedicated general practitioners, the number of specialists and healthcare facilities is limited. Retirees with sensitive medical conditions may find it more suitable to seek treatment in nearby countries like Mexico or the United States.

It is recommended to have evacuation coverage or international health insurance that covers the cost of emergency treatment and transportation to another country. Dozens of companies offer international health insurance for retirees, and some popular options in Belize include Cigna Global, Bupa/IHI, and International Medical Group.

Additionally, it is important to evaluate the regional emergency healthcare options and consider the location within Belize carefully. While larger towns and cities like Belize City offer more healthcare options, rural areas may have limited access.

Cost of living

The cost of living in Belize is estimated to be around 31% lower than in the US, and a couple can live comfortably on a monthly budget of $1,200 to $1,700. However, this can vary depending on location and lifestyle choices. For example, the cost of living in San Pedro or Ambergris Caye is higher than in other parts of the country.

Housing

Housing costs depend on style and location. Basic, traditional Belizean wooden homes tend to be the most economical option, while concrete homes are becoming increasingly popular and offer more conveniences, such as air conditioning. In popular expat communities, such as San Pedro, Placencia, or Caye Caulker, rental prices can vary based on proximity to the beach or the town centre. For example, a two-bedroom apartment near the beach in San Pedro or Placencia can range from $1,200 to $1,500 per month. In Cayo, a one-bedroom apartment on the water can be found for around $1,000 per month.

It is possible to buy a simple Belize-style home in a rural area for as little as $15,000, while a luxury villa in San Pedro can cost $500,000 or more. In Corozal, renting an apartment costs around $700 per month, while a sea-view apartment in Placencia is closer to $1,400. In the ex-pat areas like Ambergris Caye, resort-style living quarters will cost around $200,000.

Utilities

Utilities such as electricity and water are priced similarly to those in the USA. Reliable internet connections cost around $40–$80 per month. Phone plans are also affordable, with unlimited talk and text plans with data ranging from $28 to $78 per month.

Food

Food costs can vary depending on whether you buy local produce or American imports. Eating out at a quality restaurant will cost around $30 for a couple, while delicious street food, such as the national stewed chicken dish, can be found for around $5.

Transportation

Gasoline is expensive in Belize, costing on average $1.54 per litre at the end of 2018, which is nearly double the price in the USA. This can be a significant extra cost if you own a car. Public transportation is the cheapest way to cover longer distances, with bus fares ranging from $1 to $15 depending on the distance travelled.

Healthcare

Belize offers both public and private healthcare options, both of which are more affordable than the average cost of health insurance in the US. The Belizean government also grants free public medical care to residents, provided it is offered by state-run facilities. However, expatriates may choose to return to the US for emergency medical care or travel to Mexico, where the standard of care is higher and costs are still low.

Entertainment

Entertainment and activities can vary in price. Snorkelling, scuba diving, fishing, and spending the day on an island can cost $65–$100 per person. However, locals sometimes get together and hire a boat and captain, splitting the cost to save money.

Other Costs

Other costs to consider when budgeting for retirement in Belize include household help and taxes. A housekeeper or groundskeeper can cost around $25 per day for a six-day workweek, or $5–$10 per hour for a weekly cleaning service.

Overall, the cost of living in Belize is lower than in the US, and retirees can expect to save on living expenses, especially on housing, food, and healthcare. However, costs such as utilities and gasoline can be more expensive, and location plays a significant role in the overall cost of living.

Language barrier

Belize is a culturally diverse country with a unique linguistic landscape. While English is the official language, it is not the most widely spoken language in the country. Belizean Creole, often referred to as Kriol, serves as the lingua franca and is the most commonly used language in day-to-day communication and settings. It is an important identity marker for Belizeans and is used in various informal, formal, social, and interethnic dialogues.

Spanish is also widely spoken in Belize, with approximately 52.9% of Belizeans self-identifying as Mestizo, Latino, or Hispanic. It is the primary mode of communication in frontier districts such as Cayo, Orange Walk, and Corozal, and in northern towns like Corozal and San Pedro. "Kitchen Spanish", an intermediate form of Spanish mixed with Belizean Creole, is also commonly spoken.

Belize is also home to three Mayan languages: Q'eqchi', Mopan, and Yucatec Maya. These languages are predominantly spoken in the southernmost district of Toledo. Additionally, approximately 16,100 people in Belize speak the Arawakan-based Garifuna language, which is recognised by UNESCO as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.

German is another language spoken in Belize, specifically in Mennonite colonies and villages. The vast majority of Mennonites in Belize speak Plautdietsch in their daily lives, while a minority of around 10% speak Pennsylvania German. Both groups use the German translation of Martin Luther's Bible and an old-fashioned form of Standard German for reading and writing.

The prevalence of these languages in Belize can be attributed to the country's diverse ethnic makeup and historical influences. The use of English as the official language distinguishes Belize from its Spanish-speaking neighbours and is a remnant of its colonial past.

While there is no significant language barrier for English speakers, it is beneficial to learn some basic phrases in Belizean Creole and Spanish to facilitate easier communication and foster connections with the local community.

Weather and climate

Belize has a tropical climate, with very hot and humid weather. The rainy season lasts from May to November, and the dry season from February to May. The year-round average high is 84°F, so you can leave your jeans and coats behind and embrace the tank tops, shorts, and flip-flops lifestyle!

The diverse landscape of Belize offers something for everyone. From beaches and coral reefs to jungles and rainforests, there's always something new to explore. The country is also home to rivers, ruins, the second-largest barrier reef in the Western Hemisphere, over 500 species of birds, and a zoo. The diverse nature and wildlife of Belize provide plenty of opportunities for outdoor activities such as diving, snorkelling, fishing, kayaking, sailing, and surfing.

The warm and humid climate of Belize contributes to its lush, wild jungles and rich agricultural lands. The Cayo region, for example, is known for its productive farms, making it an ideal spot for homesteading expats.

While the weather in Belize is generally warm and humid, there are some variations to consider. Southern Belize experiences cooler winters, without snow or ice, offering a slightly milder climate for those who prefer a break from the tropical heat. Additionally, Belize is known for its "Belize Time" culture, where a slower and more relaxed pace of life is embraced. This cultural aspect may also contribute to a more laid-back and comfortable outdoor lifestyle.

In summary, Belize's weather and climate offer a tropical paradise with diverse landscapes and a warm, humid climate. The year-round warm temperatures and natural wonders provide endless opportunities for outdoor activities and a relaxing retirement lifestyle.

Frequently asked questions