Settling In Bolivia: A Beginner's Guide To Living

Bolivia is a land of contrasts, from the soaring peaks of the Andes to the tropical rainforests of the Amazon Basin. It is a diverse country in every sense, with a culture that draws on its indigenous roots, Spanish occupation and influence from neighbouring countries. Bolivia is one of the poorest countries in South America, but it has a growing economy, driven by its natural resources.

The cost of living in Bolivia is extremely low, with everything from transport to rent and groceries coming in at a fraction of the price in more developed countries. However, local salaries are also low, so expats may find it beneficial to work remotely and earn in a foreign currency.

Bolivia is not a country that is well set up for tourism beyond the well-trodden trail. Public transport is affordable but not always reliable, and driving in Bolivia is not for the faint-hearted due to poor road infrastructure and chaotic conditions.

Healthcare in Bolivia is insurance-based and currently undergoing reform. While there are some good private hospitals, the general standard of medical facilities is poor, with long waiting times. Expats should ensure they have comprehensive health insurance that covers them for treatment outside Bolivia if needed.

Despite these challenges, Bolivia has much to offer those willing to embrace its unique culture and adventurous spirit. From its stunning landscapes and colourful festivals to its warm and multiethnic society, Bolivia is a country that leaves a lasting impression.

Bolivia is geographically diverse, with soaring peaks, salt flats and tropical rainforests

Bolivia is a land of incredible diversity, boasting a range of breathtaking landscapes that will leave you in awe. From soaring mountain peaks to lush rainforests and vast salt flats, Bolivia is a nature enthusiast's paradise.

One of the most prominent features of Bolivia's geography is the Eastern Andes Mountain Range, also known as the Cordillera Oriental, which bisects the country roughly from north to south. Towering over the country, this mountain range includes the impressive snow-capped peaks of the Cordillera Real, with some mountains exceeding 6,000 meters (19,685 feet) in height. The Illimani and Illampu mountains, overlooking the city of La Paz, are particularly striking, with large glaciers on their upper slopes.

To the east of the Eastern Andes lies the lowland plains of the Amazon Basin, home to a vast array of flora and fauna. Here, you'll find the Amazon rainforest, one of the most biodiverse regions on the planet. Take a boat trip along the Amazon River, venture into the jungle, and discover an astonishing array of wildlife, including jaguars, monkeys, colourful birds, and unique plant species. The Amazon region in Bolivia also includes the Madidi National Park and the Pampas region, offering guided tours and wildlife experiences.

In contrast to the lush rainforests of the east, the western region of Bolivia is characterised by the Altiplano, a highland plateau located between the Eastern Andes and the Cordillera Occidental, another mountain range. The Altiplano is home to several salt flats, the largest of which is the Uyuni Salt Flat, also known as Salar de Uyuni. This vast expanse of salt, covering over 9,000 square kilometres, is a surreal and breathtaking sight. During the rainy season, the salt flat transforms into a mirror-like surface, reflecting the sky above.

Bolivia's geographical diversity also extends to its cities. The country's constitutional capital, Sucre, is known for its well-preserved colonial architecture and picturesque plazas. La Paz, the administrative capital and the world's highest capital city, sits in a mountain valley with the majestic Mount Illimani as its backdrop. Other major cities include Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Cochabamba, and Tarija, each offering its own unique blend of historic charm and modern conveniences.

Whether you're trekking through the Andes, exploring the Amazon rainforest, or wandering the streets of colonial cities, Bolivia's geographical diversity will constantly surprise and delight you. With its soaring peaks, lush rainforests, and vast salt flats, Bolivia truly is a destination that will leave you amazed and inspired.

The cost of living is extremely low, with cheap transport, rent and groceries

Bolivia is the cheapest country in Latin America and the third cheapest in the world. The cost of living in Bolivia is extremely low, with cheap transport, rent, and groceries.

A retired couple can live a very comfortable life for around $1,550 per month, but many couples spend far less. Renting a two-bedroom, centrally located, furnished apartment costs $550 per month. Utilities, including electricity, heating, cooling, water, and garbage, cost under $50 per month.

Transportation is also affordable. A one-way ticket on local transport costs as little as $0.75, and taxi rides start at a similar price. Taxis charge around $0.75 per km and $0.75 for an hour of waiting time.

Groceries are also very affordable. A pound of chicken breast costs $1.50, a pound of tomatoes costs $0.50, and a dozen eggs cost $1.50. A family-sized platter of grilled meats with access to a salad bar costs just $12. A meal for two in a mid-range restaurant costs around $6, and a menu del día in a local restaurant costs under $2.

A single person can expect to spend around $5,000 per month, excluding rent.

The local culture draws from indigenous roots, Spanish occupation and neighbouring countries

Bolivia's local culture draws from its indigenous roots, Spanish occupation, and neighbouring countries. The country's cultural development is divided into three distinct periods: pre-Columbian, colonial, and republican.

Pre-Columbian Period

Before the arrival of the Spanish, the Andean region of Bolivia was part of the Incan Empire, while the northern and eastern lowlands were inhabited by independent tribes. Important archaeological ruins, gold and silver ornaments, stone monuments, ceramics, and weavings remain from several important pre-Columbian cultures. Major ruins include Tiwanaku, Samaipata, Inkallaqta, and Iskanwaya.

Spanish Occupation

The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire began in 1524 and was mostly completed by 1533. Francisco Pizarro and his fellow conquistadors from the rapidly growing Spanish Empire were responsible for the conquest. During this colonial period, the Spanish introduced their religious art, architecture, and literature, which influenced the local culture. The Spanish also established cities like La Paz and Santa Cruz de la Sierra.

The Spanish version of the pre-Columbian draft system, called the "mita," forced native males from highland districts to work in the mines every sixth year. This labour system, combined with technological advancements, led to a flourishing mining industry, especially in Potosí, which became the largest city in the New World with a population exceeding 150,000.

Influence of Neighbouring Countries

Bolivia's culture has also been influenced by its neighbouring countries, particularly in the eastern lowlands, which share cultural similarities with Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, Chile, and Peru. Additionally, the country's diverse geography, including the Andean highlands and Amazonian lowlands, contributes to regional cultural variations.

Modern-Day Bolivia

Today, Bolivia is a multiethnic and multilingual country with a rich cultural heritage. Spanish is the official and predominant language, but 36 indigenous languages also have official status, including Guaraní, Aymara, and Quechua. The country's population is approximately 12 million, and the largest cities include Santa Cruz de la Sierra, El Alto, and La Paz.

Bolivian culture is known for its vibrant folklore, music, and dance. The annual carnival of Oruro, with its "devil dances," is a significant folkloric event in South America. Bolivian cuisine has also evolved from a combination of Spanish, indigenous, and immigrant influences, with staples like maize, potatoes, and beans.

In conclusion, Bolivia's local culture is a fascinating blend of indigenous traditions, Spanish colonial influences, and interactions with neighbouring countries, resulting in a diverse and unique cultural identity.

The population of expats is small, with most living in the capital cities of Sucre and La Paz

Bolivia is a culturally and geographically diverse country in the middle of South America. It is bordered by Peru, Chile, Brazil, and Paraguay. The population of expats in Bolivia is small, and most can be found in the capital cities of Sucre and La Paz, or in other major cities like Santa Cruz de la Sierra and Cochabamba. Sucre is the constitutional capital of Bolivia, and La Paz is the seat of government.

Sucre is a medium-sized city with a population of 300,000. It is known as "The White City" because of its largely white, colonial-style architecture. The city has a pleasant climate and a low crime rate, making it popular among foreigners and locals alike. Sucre is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, known for its well-preserved Hispanic colonial and republican historic city centre. The city has a small tourism industry, catering mainly to backpackers from Europe and Australia. Expats living in Sucre should visit the House of Freedom, or "La Casa de la Libertad", one of the best examples of colonial-style buildings.

La Paz, on the other hand, is the world's highest capital city, sitting at an altitude of 3,640m. The city is known for its unique markets, vibrant culture, and stunning natural surroundings. La Paz also has a growing expat community, with many like-minded people who are drawn to the city's beauty and adventure.

Most expats in Bolivia are employed by NGOs or volunteer for a brief period. The Bolivian government has implemented policies to encourage foreigners to set up businesses in the country. Expats can find housing options in Bolivia, including detached houses and apartments, with renting accommodation and buying property being feasible options.

Bolivia has a growing economy, thanks to its oil, natural gas, and mineral resources. However, it is still one of the poorest countries in South America. The cost of living in Bolivia is extremely low, with affordable transport, rent, and groceries. Expats working in Bolivia will likely earn a lower salary than in their home countries, but this is offset by the low cost of living.

Healthcare in Bolivia is a mix of public and private systems. While there are some good private hospitals, the general standard of medical facilities is poor, with long waiting times. Expats should ensure they have adequate health insurance that covers them for treatment outside of Bolivia if needed.

Overall, Bolivia offers a unique expat experience with its rich culture, stunning natural landscapes, and low cost of living. However, it is important to be aware of the challenges, such as the poor healthcare system and the need to adapt to a slower pace of life.

Bolivia has one of the lowest crime rates in South America

Bolivia is a culturally and geographically diverse country in the middle of South America. It is also one of the poorest countries in the region, but it has a growing economy thanks to its oil, natural gas, and mineral resources. Bolivia has one of the lowest crime rates in South America, and most of its major cities have a medium threat level for crime, comparable to larger cities in the United States.

While petty theft can be a problem, especially in major tourist hubs, violent crimes against foreigners are very rare. Most crime affecting expats is opportunistic street crime, such as pickpocketing and purse snatching. Violent crimes, such as assault and robbery, are uncommon, and there is a special Tourist Police force to help visitors to the country. Fraud is also relatively rare.

Santa Cruz is the only city in Bolivia with a high threat level for crime. There has been an increase in robberies from people taking taxis in Santa Cruz and La Paz. It is recommended to seek local advice and use established companies, ordering taxis by phone. It is also advised to avoid the Coronilla Hill area of Cochabamba, which has become a haven for drug addicts and alcoholics.

Bolivia is the world's third-largest producer of cocaine, and there are harsh penalties for those caught trafficking or in possession. The minimum sentence is eight years, and prison conditions are very poor.

While Bolivia has one of the lowest crime rates in South America, it is important to remain vigilant and take precautions to keep yourself and your belongings safe.

Frequently asked questions