Omari Gates
Building a polytunnel in Australia can be a rewarding experience, allowing you to grow your own food and experiment with plants from different climate zones. The first step is deciding on the position and size of your tunnel, considering factors such as garden orientation, available space, and desired shape. You can then start constructing the frame using timber, star pickets, or steel fence posts, ensuring it is sturdy and well-braced. The next step involves adding polythene or plastic sheeting to create a protective cover, with pipe insulation providing additional protection. You can also include features like decking, storage shelves, and ventilation windows. Building a polytunnel is a customizable process, and with the right design choices, you can create a functional and rewarding addition to your garden.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| First Step | Deciding where to position the tunnel and how big to make it |
| Basic Construction | 2x4 timbers built as frames and bolted together using threaded bar |
| Pipe Insulation | Cut open and used to protect the polythene from the timber |
| Droppers/Star Pickets | Put in with a 1m gap, with the pointed side facing into the poly |
| Screws | Screw two 50mm bugle screws into the poly pipe |
| Base Box | Where you will screw the plastic onto, adding structural integrity |
| Decking | Added around the two long ends of the poly at about 1m high attached to the inside of the poly |
| Ventilation | A small pop-out window at the rear to create a draught when the door is open |
| Polytunnel Use | Growing summer veggies, delicate greens, or stopping pests |
| Feel of Australia | Plant exotic, subtropical flowers like Anigozanthus, Grevillea, Banksia, or trees like Jounama snow gum |
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What You'll Learn
Planning and positioning
First, decide where you want to position your polytunnel and how big you want it to be. Consider the orientation of your garden and any existing features, such as trees or hedges, that may provide shade or shelter. You might need to clear an area or remove some vegetation to make space for the tunnel. Think about the width and length of the tunnel and whether it will fit comfortably in your chosen location.
Next, determine the direction your polytunnel will face. Consider the sun's path and wind patterns in your area. Ideally, you want to maximise sunlight exposure while providing protection from prevailing winds. In the southern hemisphere, north-facing positions tend to receive more sunlight, so you may want to orient your polytunnel accordingly.
When planning the size of your polytunnel, consider your available space and the types of plants you want to grow. If you intend to grow taller plants or trees, ensure your polytunnel has sufficient height. You can apply the 3/4/5 Pythagoras rule to set out the basic shape and mark the footprint of your polytunnel using string or stakes.
It is also essential to think about the materials you will use for your polytunnel's construction. Common materials include timber, steel, and polythene. Ensure that the materials you choose are durable and suitable for your local weather conditions. For example, if strong winds are prevalent in your area, you may need to use stronger materials or additional supports.
Finally, consider adding features to enhance the functionality of your polytunnel. For example, you might include a grill above the doors to allow pollinators easy access, as well as ventilation to control the temperature and humidity levels inside the polytunnel. You could also add shelving or cabinets for storage and hooks for hanging items.
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Building the frame
Once you have determined the location and size, you can start installing the droppers or star pickets. Space them about 1 metre apart, with the pointed side facing inward. Use a level to ensure that each dropper is vertical, and leave about 1 metre of height above the ground. Check that each opposite dropper is the same distance from the previous pair to ensure a straight line.
Next, screw in wooden braces to the outside bottom edge of the droppers. Attach a brace internally on both sides, screwing it in when it is perfectly vertical. Add a piece of wood to the top centre of the end poly, attaching it to the brace and the bottom side where the dropper is located. Ensure that the centre high point is at the correct height.
Finally, bolt the 2x4 timber frames together using threaded bar. You can use pipe insulation to protect the polythene from the timber or consider using corrugated plastic sheets or glass for the covering. Additionally, you can stain the wood for protection and to give the tunnel a nice finish.
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Adding braces and supports
First, start by attaching a brace internally on both sides at one end of the polytunnel. It is crucial to ensure that this end is perfectly vertical before screwing in the brace. This step forms the foundation for the rest of the structure, so it is advisable to get assistance from a carpenter or someone experienced in this field.
Next, attach a piece of wood to the top centre of the end polythene, connecting it to the bottom side where the dropper is located. This provides additional support to the structure. Make sure the centre high point is at the correct height.
At the halfway mark of your pipe (3.5m if you have a 7m pipe), attach wood onto the polythene and to the base boxing. Utilise a level to ensure the brace is perfectly straight before screwing it in. Again, this step may require an extra pair of hands or the help of a carpenter.
For larger polytunnels or those in more exposed sites, consider including intermediate timber supports to enhance the overall structure. These supports will help your polytunnel withstand external factors such as harsh sun, pests, and unpredictable weather.
Finally, consider adding decking around the two long ends of the polytunnel at about 1-metre height, attaching it to the inside of the polythene. Use quick grips and a spirit level to ensure it is level. This step adds further stability to your structure.
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Fixing the polythene
Polytunnels are a great way to grow your own food and extend the growing season, especially in places like Australia where the climate can be a challenge. When it comes to fixing the polythene cover of your polytunnel, here are some detailed instructions to keep it in top condition:
Firstly, it's important to regularly inspect your polytunnel for any damage, especially after windy or stormy weather. Catching any issues early will make repairs much easier. If you spot small tears or nicks in the polythene, caused by bamboo sticks or plant thorns, you can fix them with polytunnel repair tape. Prepare the surface by wiping it with a damp cloth to ensure the tape adheres properly. Then, apply the tape over the tear, using enough to extend beyond the edges for a secure hold. Repeat this process on the inside of the cover, and smooth the tape gently to remove any air bubbles. For hard-to-reach areas, don't hesitate to use a stepladder and get an extra pair of hands to help.
Preventing Heat Damage
In hot, sunny weather, the metal frame of your polytunnel can heat up and potentially damage the polythene. To prevent this, use Anti-Hot Spot Tape between the frame and the cover. This tape will protect the polythene and extend its lifespan. If the tape degrades over time or becomes loose, simply apply new tape over the existing tape to hold it firmly in place.
Securing the Polythene
Before securing the polythene, ensure that it is tightly anchored, especially if you're concerned about high winds. Use polytunnel tape on the metal tubes to hold the plastic securely. Additionally, when covering the tubes, leave a 1-metre gap between droppers to keep the plastic strong and prevent rain from pooling on top.
Maintenance and Prevention
To maintain your polytunnel, consider cleaning the outside with soapy water and a power washer. You can also treat algae growth with a pumped weed sprayer. Regular maintenance and inspections will help you identify potential issues and prevent them from becoming bigger problems.
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Finishing touches
Once the basic structure of your polytunnel is in place, there are a few finishing touches you can consider to make it more functional and aesthetically pleasing.
Firstly, think about adding some form of flooring or decking. This can be as simple as laying down wood planks or creating a more intricate design with quick grips and a spirit level. You could also add some shelving or storage units, such as old kitchen cabinets, to hold your seedlings and gardening tools. If you plan to spend a lot of time in your polytunnel, you might want to add some hooks for clothes, as it can get quite hot inside.
Another important consideration is ventilation. Make sure your polytunnel has enough windows or pop-out windows to create a draught when the door is open. You can also pair your polytunnel with a shade cloth for adjustable seasonal control and protection from the harsh sun. If pests are an issue, a net house could be a good solution to keep insects, birds, and animals away from your plants.
Finally, you can enhance the appearance of your polytunnel by staining or painting the wood. This will not only give it a nice finish but also protect it from the elements. You might also want to add some decorative elements, such as a trellis for climbing plants, to create a space that feels like a tropical escape.
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Frequently asked questions
The first step is to decide where you want to position the tunnel and how big you want to make it. You can use the Pythagorean theorem to set out the basic shape and mark the footprint.
You will need star pickets (steel fence posts) and a length of thick industrial-strength irrigation pipe. You can also use 2x4 timber built as frames and bolted together using threaded bar.
Start by hammering the star pickets into the ground at 1-metre gaps, with the pointed side facing into the poly. Then, screw in wood around the base and screw the poly pipe into the wood. Finally, add the polytunnel plastic and screw it onto the base.
