
Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria was 23 years old when he married his 15-year-old cousin, Duchess Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie, nicknamed Sisi, in 1854. The marriage produced four children, three daughters and one son. Sisi was born into the Ducal royal branch of the Bavarian House of Wittelsbach but enjoyed an informal upbringing before marrying her first cousin, thrusting her into the much more formal Habsburg court life, for which she was unprepared and which she found suffocating.
Characteristics | Values |
---|---|
Name of the Emperor of Austria | Franz Joseph I |
Age of the Emperor when married | 23 |
Name of the Empress of Austria | Elisabeth, Sisi, or Sissi |
Age of the Empress when married | 16 |
Date of marriage | 24 April 1854 |
Place of marriage | Augustinian Church in Vienna |
What You'll Learn
Emperor Franz Joseph I was 23 when he married Sissi
In 1853, 23-year-old Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria was set to propose to Helene, the daughter of Princess Ludovika, his mother Archduchess Sophie's sister. Accompanying her mother and sister on the journey to Bad Ischl was 15-year-old Sisi, who had been mourning the death of a young count she had loved. Upon meeting Sisi, Franz Joseph fell in love at first sight and decided to defy his mother by proposing to her instead.
On his 23rd birthday, August 18, 1853, Franz Joseph asked the 15-year-old Sisi to marry him. On April 24, 1854, the couple married at the Augustinian Church in Vienna. Sisi, now 16, became the empress of Austria.
The marriage brought Sisi into the formal Habsburg court life, for which she was unprepared and which she found suffocating. She was also at odds with her mother-in-law, Archduchess Sophie, who took over the rearing of her first three children. Sisi's health suffered under the strain, and she became disenchanted with court life, creating an emotional distance between herself and her husband.
Sisi was a free spirit who championed individual identity and independence. She loved literature and poetry and enjoyed writing poems herself. She also pursued her own ideal of beauty through sports and strict diets. She never weighed more than 47 kg (103 lbs) and, on some days, ate only two oranges and a portion of violet ice cream.
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Sissi was 15 when they met and 16 when they married
In 1853, Archduchess Sophie, the mother of 23-year-old Emperor Franz Joseph I, arranged a meeting between her son and her sister Princess Ludovika's daughter, Duchess Helene. Princess Ludovika and Duchess Helene were invited to journey to Bad Ischl, Upper Austria, to receive his formal proposal of marriage. Princess Ludovika also had her then 15-year-old daughter, Sisi, accompany them.
On his 23rd birthday, August 18, 1853, Emperor Franz Joseph asked the 15-year-old Elisabeth to marry him in Bad Ischl. Two days after their first meeting, Franz Joseph asked Elisabeth to marry him. However, he was captivated by the 15-year-old Sisi, who had accompanied her mother and sister on the journey.
On April 24, 1854, at the age of 16, Sisi married Emperor Franz Joseph in the Augustinian Church in Vienna. Sisi was regarded as the most beautiful princess in Europe. She was also known for her interest in literature and poetry, and she enjoyed writing poems herself.
Sisi's marriage to Emperor Franz Joseph I thrust her into the much more formal Habsburg court life, for which she was unprepared and which she found suffocating. She was also at odds with her mother-in-law, Archduchess Sophie, who took over the rearing of Elisabeth's daughters. Sisi's health suffered under the strain, and she suffered from mental illness. She spent as much time as she could away from the “prison fortress” of Vienna’s Hofburg palace.
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Sissi was Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie, born in Bavaria
Sissi, also known as Elisabeth, was born Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie on 24 December 1837 in Munich, Bavaria. She was the daughter of Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria and Princess Ludovika of Bavaria, the half-sister of King Ludwig I of Bavaria.
Elisabeth's father, Maximilian, was considered peculiar due to his love of circuses and his frequent travels through the Bavarian countryside to escape his duties. The family lived in the Herzog-Max-Palais in Munich during winter and Possenhofen Castle in the summer months, away from the protocols of court. Sissi and her siblings enjoyed an unstructured and unrestrained upbringing, and she often skipped her lessons to go riding in the countryside.
In 1853, Archduchess Sophie, the mother of 23-year-old Emperor Franz Joseph I, arranged a meeting between her son and Duchess Helene ("Néné"), the eldest daughter of her sister Princess Ludovika. However, when Franz Joseph met Helene's younger sister, Elisabeth, he fell in love with her instead. At the time, Elisabeth was only 15 years old and was regarded as the most beautiful princess in Europe. Despite the age difference, Franz Joseph quickly decided that he would marry Elisabeth or no one at all.
On 24 April 1854, 16-year-old Elisabeth married her first cousin, Emperor Franz Joseph I, becoming Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary. This marriage thrust her into the much more formal Habsburg court life, for which she was unprepared and which she found suffocating. She soon found herself at odds with her mother-in-law, Archduchess Sophie, who was also her maternal aunt.
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Sissi was Franz Joseph's first cousin
On 24 April 1854, Emperor Franz Joseph married his first cousin, Elisabeth, who was seven years his junior. Elisabeth, born Duchess Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie in Bavaria on 24 December 1837, was nicknamed Sisi or Sissi. She was 16 when she married the emperor, who was 23 at the time.
Sisi was the daughter of one of Franz Joseph's mother's sisters. Their mothers, Princesses Sophie and Ludovika, were both from the House of Wittelsbach and were daughters of King Maximilian I of Bavaria and his first wife, Caroline. Sisi and Franz Joseph were thus first cousins.
Sisi had originally travelled to Bad Ischl, Upper Austria, with her mother and her elder sister Helene, who was the intended bride for the emperor. However, Franz Joseph fell in love with the 15-year-old Elisabeth, who was regarded as the most beautiful princess in Europe. He defied his mother, declaring that he would not marry at all if he could not have Elisabeth.
The marriage produced four children: Sophie Friederike (1855-1857), who died of an intestinal infection at the age of two; Gisela (1856-1932); Crown Prince Rudolf (1858-1889), who committed suicide with his lover Mary Vetsera; and the "Hungarian child" Marie Valerie (1868-1924).
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Sissi was known for her beauty and free spirit
On his 23rd birthday, 18 August 1853, Emperor Franz Joseph proposed to 15-year-old Elisabeth "Sisi" of Bavaria. At the age of 16, Sisi married Emperor Franz Joseph on 24 April 1854, in the Augustinian Church in Vienna.
Sisi was known for her beauty and free spirit. She was regarded as the most beautiful princess in Europe and captivated the Austrian Emperor Franz Joseph, prompting him to ask for her hand in marriage. Sisi was a free spirit who longed for freedom and independence, which were two things forbidden to an Empress. Imprisoned in a golden cage and unable to take control of her life, she turned to the one thing she could control—her looks. She hardly ate anything all day and exercised excessively, taking up walking, horse riding, and gymnastics. She also had a strict beauty routine, which included taking a warm olive oil bath every evening to keep her skin soft and smooth, and using floral face mists to protect her skin against inflammation and infections. Her favourite was violet vinegar, made from freshly picked violet blossoms, cider vinegar, and distilled water.
Sisi was also very proud of her tiny 50cm waist and took great lengths to maintain it. She kept herself busy by learning languages such as Hungarian and Greek, and spent hours washing and styling her long, chestnut-brown hair. She believed that makeup interfered with nature's work and preferred to showcase her natural beauty.
Sisi's beauty and free spirit made her a legendary figure, and she has been compared to Lady Diana and the fairy queen, Titania. Her tragic life and romance with Emperor Franz Joseph have been portrayed in numerous films and television series, including the 1950s trilogy starring Romy Schneider, which made her world-famous.
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Frequently asked questions
Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria was 23 years old when he married his cousin, Sissi, who was 16 years old at the time.
Sissi was born Duchess Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie in Bavaria.
Sissi was the daughter of Duke Maximilian Joseph in Bavaria and Princess Ludovika, the daughter of Bavarian King Maximilian I and his second wife, Karolina von Baden.
The couple had four children: three daughters and one son.
Their children were Crown Prince Rudolf, Sophie Friederike, Archduchess Gisela of Austria, and Marie Valerie.