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The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) is an internal territory of Australia, with a total area of 2,358 square kilometres. It is located in the southeastern Australian mainland and is surrounded by the state of New South Wales. The territory is home to Canberra, the capital city of Australia, which is situated in the northeast region of the territory. The population of ACT is around 380,000, with the majority of residents living in Canberra. The territory includes towns such as Williamsdale, Oaks Estate, and Tharwa, as well as the Namadgi National Park, which comprises the majority of its land area. ACT has a unicameral form of parliament, with 17 members referred to as MLAs (Members of the Legislative Assembly).
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What You'll Learn
The population of ACT is around 380,000
The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) has a population of around 380,000 people, with the majority residing in the capital city of Canberra. The territory is located in the south-east of the Australian mainland and is surrounded by the state of New South Wales. It has a total area of 2,358 to 2,400 square kilometres, which is tiny by Australian standards, accounting for less than 1% of Australia's total land mass.
Canberra is Australia's largest inland city and the eighth-largest city by population. It is situated at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory, in the Yass-Canberra region, and surrounded by rugged plains, hills, mountains, and trees. The city is known for its regulated development, with a focus on maintaining the 'bush capital' and 'urban forest' ideals.
The population of the ACT is diverse, with the top five ancestries being Australian, English, Irish, Scottish, and German. The territory has a relatively dry, continental climate with warm to hot summers and cool to cold winters. It experiences an average annual rainfall of 629 mm, with the wettest month being October and the driest month being June.
The ACT is home to many important institutions, including Parliament House, the High Court of Australia, the National Gallery of Australia, and the Australian Defence Force Academy. The territory also includes the Namadgi National Park, which comprises the majority of the land area. The population of the ACT is expected to continue growing, with projections estimating it to reach approximately 700,000 by 2058.
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The territory is 2,400 square kilometres
The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) is an internal territory of Australia. It is located in the southeastern Australian mainland and is surrounded by the state of New South Wales (NSW). The territory is 2,400 square kilometres, tiny by Australian standards. The capital city of Australia, Canberra, is situated within the territory and is the territory's primate city. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory and is about 185 miles (300 km) southwest of Sydney, 290 miles (465 km) northeast of Melbourne, and 95 miles (150 km) from the coast.
The landscape around Canberra is made up of rugged plains, hills, and mountains, as well as plenty of trees. The territory includes the Namadgi National Park, which comprises the majority of the land area of the territory. Roughly 45% of ACT is made up of the Namadgi National Park. The western boundary of the territory follows the watershed of the Brindabella Range, a northern extension of the Snowy Mountains. The territory’s southern and western parts are mountainous, reaching a maximum height of 6,279 feet (1,914 meters) at Bimberi Peak.
The population of the Australian Capital Territory is around 380,000, with the majority of residents living in Canberra. The city of Canberra is known for its regulated development, with government control over planning processes and crown lease terms that limit land use. The average annual rainfall in the territory is 629mm, with the wettest month being October and the driest month being June. The territory has a relatively dry, continental climate, with warm to hot summers and cool to cold winters.
The ACT has a unicameral, or one-house, form of parliament, with 17 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). The Chief Minister is elected by the MLAs and selects colleagues to serve as ministers alongside them in the Executive, also known as the cabinet. The ACT is represented in the federal Parliament by two Senators and two Members of the House of Representatives. The territory is home to important institutions of the federal government, national monuments, and museums, including the Parliament of Australia, the High Court of Australia, and the National Gallery of Australia.
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Canberra is the capital of Australia and ACT
Canberra is the capital city of Australia and the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). It is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory, in the northeast corner of the territory, about 185 miles (300 km) southwest of Sydney, 290 miles (465 km) northeast of Melbourne, and 95 miles (150 km) from the coast. The city is situated in the Australian mainland as an enclave surrounded by the state of New South Wales (NSW).
The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) has a population of around 380,000 people, with the vast majority residing in Canberra. The territory has a total area of just over 2,400 square kilometres, stretching 88 km from north to south and only 30 km from west to east. The landscape surrounding Canberra is characterised by rugged plains, hills, and mountains, with most of the territory consisting of national parks. Namadgi National Park, which makes up roughly 45% of the ACT, is one such example.
Canberra has a continental climate, experiencing warm to hot summers and cool to cold winters. Rainfall varies across the territory, with higher rainfall in the mountains to the west of Canberra compared to the east. The average annual rainfall is 629 mm, with October being the wettest month and June the driest. Frost is a common occurrence during winter, and while snow is rare in the city centre, the surrounding areas experience annual snowfall.
Canberra is home to many important institutions of the federal government, national monuments, and museums. These include Parliament House, the High Court of Australia, the National Gallery of Australia, the Australian Defence Force Academy, and the Australian War Memorial. The city's development has been closely regulated by the government, with a focus on preserving the original 'bush capital' and 'urban forest' ideals that influenced Canberra's design.
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The landscape includes plains, hills, mountains and trees
The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) is an internal territory of Australia, with a population of around 380,000 people and a total area of just over 2,400 square kilometres. The landscape of the ACT includes rugged plains, hills, and mountains, as well as a plentiful number of trees. The territory is surrounded by New South Wales and is home to the capital city of Australia, Canberra, which is situated at the northern end of the territory. The city of Canberra is surrounded by Lake Burley Griffin, which is man-made.
The ACT landscape is diverse, with a mix of natural features and urban development. The territory includes the Namadgi National Park, which comprises the majority of the land area. The Murrumbridge River runs through the territory, offering swimming spots, and there are plenty of walking trails and barbecue areas. The countryside surrounding Canberra leads into New South Wales in all directions, with most of the landscape being National Parks. The area is also home to many important institutions of the federal government, national monuments, and museums.
The landscape of the ACT experiences a relatively dry, continental climate, with warm to hot summers and cool to cold winters. Rainfall varies across the territory, with higher rainfall in the mountains to the west of Canberra compared to the east. The mountains act as a barrier, reducing rainfall in the city. Frost is common during winter, and while snow is rare in the city centre, the surrounding areas experience annual snowfall, and snow-capped mountains can often be seen from Canberra.
The development of Canberra has been closely regulated by the government, with planning processes and crown lease terms limiting the use of land. Many of the city's suburbs are named after former Prime Ministers, famous Australians, early settlers, or use Aboriginal words. Street names also follow specific themes, reflecting Australian history, culture, and nature. The ACT government has a strong focus on sustainability, with 75% of waste produced in the territory being recycled.
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The territory has a continental climate
The Australian Capital Territory (ACT), is an internal territory of Australia. Canberra, the capital city of Australia, is situated within the territory. The ACT has a continental climate, which is relatively dry and experiences marked seasonal and daily temperature changes. It has warm to hot summers and cool to cold winters. The average climate gets cooler and wetter the further south you go.
The territory experiences a wide range of climatic conditions due to its varied landscape. The mountains to the west of Canberra receive much higher rainfall compared to the east. The mountains act as a barrier during the winter, with the city receiving less rainfall. The average annual rainfall in the territory is 629mm, with 108 rain days annually. The wettest month is October, with an average rainfall of 65.3mm, and the driest month is June, with an average of 39.6mm. Frost is common in the winter months, and while snow is rare in Canberra's city centre, the surrounding areas get annual snowfall.
Climate change is already affecting the ACT region, with increased temperatures, more hot days and heatwaves, and increased fire weather. The ACT region experienced its warmest year on record in 2019, with an average temperature of 1.0°C above the 1990-2009 average. By 2090, average temperatures are projected to rise by around 1.2°C to 3.7°C, depending on emissions scenarios.
The ACT is now powered by 100% renewable energy, and the ACT Government has committed to protecting and enhancing nature in the city to address the urban heat island effect. The ACT Government’s Climate Change Strategy 2019–2025, along with the 2024-2030 Integrated Energy Plan, aims to achieve net-zero emissions by 2045.
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Frequently asked questions
The population of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) is around 380,000, with the vast majority of people living in the capital city of Canberra.
The total area of the ACT is just over 2,400 square kilometres. The territory is surrounded by New South Wales and stretches 88km from north to south and 30km from west to east.
The landscape around Canberra features rugged plains, hills and mountains, as well as plenty of trees. The territory includes the Namadgi National Park, which makes up around 40%-45% of the ACT.
