Belize's Driving: Left Or Right?

Belize is a Central American country with one of the lowest population densities in the world, allowing for some beautiful nature and wildlife. In Belize, they drive on the right-hand side of the road, unlike many other former British colonies. This is because when the US was joined to South America by road, it was decided that Belize would change so it could be like the rest of the Americas. This change was implemented at midnight on a Saturday night, with a parade led by fire engines.

Why does Belize drive on the right?

Belize is a small country in Central America, formerly known as British Honduras. It was the last British colony in the American mainland until it gained its independence in 1981. Despite being a former British colony, Belize drives on the right-hand side of the road, unlike Britain and most other former colonies. So, why does Belize drive on the right?

One reason for this change may be related to the construction of the Pan-American Highway, which connects the US to South America by road. To facilitate transportation and trade, it was decided that Belize would change its driving side to align with the rest of the Americas. This decision was likely influenced by the proximity and cultural ties of neighbouring countries like Guatemala and Mexico, which also drive on the right.

The switch from left-hand to right-hand driving occurred around 2006 and must have been a challenging adjustment for Belizeans. During the transition period, all the cars on the road had their steering wheels on the "wrong" side, leading to a period of practice and adjustment. To ensure a smooth transition, clubs and lounges closed early one Saturday night, and a parade was organised, led by fire engines, to celebrate this significant change.

Today, driving in Belize can be an interesting experience for visitors. While they follow similar rules to the US and Europe, there are some unique practices to be aware of. For example, when turning left, Belizeans usually signal right, pull to the right, and wait for oncoming traffic to pass before completing the turn. Additionally, speed bumps, affectionately known as "sleeping policemen," are a common feature on Belizean roads, and it's essential to slow down when approaching them to avoid any damage to rental cars.

What are the road rules in Belize?

Belize is a beautiful country with a lot to offer, from its stunning natural wonders to its rich cultural heritage. If you're planning to explore this Central American gem by car, here are some essential road rules to keep in mind:

• Drive on the right-hand side of the road: Unlike some former British colonies, Belize drives on the right. So, if you're from the US, you won't have to worry about adjusting to a new side of the road.
• Right turns at red lights are allowed: Drivers are permitted to make a right-hand turn at a red light, but it's important to exercise caution when doing so.
• Left turns require proper signalling and waiting: For left-hand turns on the highway, drivers must use their turn signal and wait on the right-hand shoulder until traffic going both ways is clear.
• Seat belt laws: Seat belts are mandatory for drivers and front-seat passengers. However, there are currently no child restraint laws, so it's advisable to have children sit in the rear seats for their safety.
• Speed limits: On highways, the speed limit is typically 55 mph. In towns and villages, the speed limit drops to 25-40 mph. It's important to adhere to these limits, especially in residential areas where speed-breaker bumps, or "sleeping policemen" as the locals call them, are commonly used to control speed.
• Hands-free devices only: It is illegal to use a handheld mobile phone while driving. Hands-free devices, on the other hand, are permitted.
• Drunk driving laws: Belize has strict laws against drunk driving, with a blood alcohol content (BAC) limit of 80mg/100 ml or 0.08%. Violating these laws can result in fines, penalties, and even jail time.
• Parking restrictions: Parking is prohibited at curves in the road, at taxi and bus stands (unless you're a taxi or bus), and within 30 feet of a corner. On certain streets, alternate side parking is required.
• Roundabouts: When approaching a roundabout, slow down to a speed between 12 and 20 mph. Always yield to traffic already in the roundabout, and continue only when it's clear.
• Overtaking: When overtaking another vehicle, ensure the road ahead is clear. At night, you must dip your headlights several times to alert oncoming drivers. If another vehicle is overtaking you, stay as close as possible to the right side of the road to allow them to pass safely.
• Pedestrians: Jaywalking is not a crime in Belize, so be vigilant and watch out for pedestrians who may suddenly appear on the road. This is especially important at night when roads are often poorly lit.
• Road quality and driving conditions: The quality of roads in Belize varies. While some highways are well-paved and in good condition, such as the Hummingbird Highway, others can be bumpy and full of potholes, particularly in small villages and on access roads. Driving at night is not recommended due to poor lighting, unmarked speed bumps, and vehicles without functioning lights. Additionally, some local drivers may pass on blind turns and hills at high speeds, so it's important to stay alert and drive defensively.
• Checkpoints and documentation: Police checkpoints are common throughout the country, where officers will ask to see your driver's license and inspect your vehicle's windshield license sticker. Ensure that your paperwork, including insurance, is up to date and easily accessible.
• On-the-spot fines: Unlike some countries, Belize does not have on-the-spot fines for traffic violations. Instead, if you are found to be in violation of a road rule, a police officer will issue a penalty notice outlining the next steps for payment.
• Emergencies: In case of any emergency, such as an accident or a breakdown, you can call 911 to reach the police, fire department, or an ambulance.

What are the requirements for driving in Belize?

Driving in Belize can be challenging, especially for tourists who are not used to the local conditions and road rules. Here are the key requirements and things to keep in mind when driving in Belize:

Driving Side and Licence Requirements:

Belize drives on the right side of the road, which is helpful for travellers from the US. An international driving permit is required if you do not have a valid driver's licence from your home country. The minimum age to rent or drive a car in Belize is 18 years old. If you have a valid US driver's licence, you can obtain a Belizean licence by taking a written test and a driving test. The cost of a Belizean driver's licence is BZ$90 for the first issue and BZ$60 for annual renewal.

Insurance and Registration:

Motor vehicle insurance is mandatory in Belize, and driving without insurance can result in serious consequences. When renting a vehicle, ensure that the vehicle's licence, registration, and insurance are up to date. Both the registration and insurance stickers are displayed on the inside of the windshield, usually on the passenger side.

Road Conditions and Safety:

Many highways in Belize have been repaved recently, improving driving conditions. However, some city streets, especially in Belize City, can be confusing and challenging to navigate due to narrow streets, one-way alleys, and heavy traffic from bikers and pedestrians. It is recommended to stay alert at all times when driving in Belize. Additionally, be cautious when passing stopped buses as people may suddenly cross the road.

Speed Limits and Traffic Rules:

The speed limit on highways is generally 55 mph, while in towns and cities, it drops to 25-40 mph. It is illegal to use a cell phone while driving unless it is a hands-free device. Drivers are allowed to make right-hand turns at red lights but must use their turn signals and wait for clear traffic before making left-hand turns.

Fuel and Toll Roads:

Unleaded gasoline is widely available in Belize, with prices around $5.06 per gallon for unleaded and higher for premium and diesel. The only toll road in Belize is the bridge accessing Orange Walk Town from Belize City, with a toll of under 38 cents.

Police Checkpoints and Emergencies:

Police checkpoints are common in Belize, where officers will ask for your driver's licence and check your vehicle's registration and insurance. In case of an emergency, you can call 911 to reach the police, fire department, or ambulance services.

What are the road conditions like in Belize?

Belize has a low population density, which allows for beautiful nature and wildlife, but can make for challenging road conditions for tourists. The country has seen significant improvement in its roads and highways over the past few years, with more roads being paved and gravel roads being rolled smooth. However, some sections of dirt roads remain, particularly in small villages and on access roads, which can make for a bumpy ride.

The Hummingbird Highway, stretching for 56 miles, is one of the most famous and scenic roads in Belize, and it was resurfaced in 2018, so it's in good condition. The highway dips and swoops through some of the country's most breathtaking natural wilderness, including the Belize Blue Hole. The Southern Highway and resurfaced sections of the Western Highway (now known as the George Price Highway) are also in good condition and among the best in Central America.

The Northern Highway (now the Phillip Goldson Highway) is a good two-lane blacktop road from Belize City to Corozal Town and then to the border with Mexico. The only things that will slow you down are "sleeping policemen" (speed bumps) in villages and slow-moving trucks during the sugar cane harvest. The Old Northern Highway, which leads to the Altun Ha Maya Temple, is in fair condition, with the section south of Maskall Village being better than the section north. The highway has many potholes and narrow sections.

The Coastal Highway, also known as the Manatee Highway or the Shortcut, is a 36-mile gravel road that links La Democracia with the Stann Creek Valley Road. It is subject to dust in the dry season and can be challenging to drive on. The Western Highway has the largest concentration of traffic bumps in Belize but is still in fairly good condition. It also has a lot of roadside attractions, including bars, restaurants, and lodges.

The roads and streets of Belize City are a maze that can confuse even locals. Many streets are narrow, one-way alleys with little signage, and they are often clogged with bikers and pedestrians. Driving at night in Belize is not recommended due to low visibility, unmarked speed bumps, and pedestrians and cyclists on the highways.

What are the best vehicles to drive in Belize?

Belize has one of the lowest population densities in the world, with about one person per 36 square miles. This means that, while you can enjoy some beautiful nature and wildlife, you may also experience some difficulty navigating backcountry roads. Many of the highways in Belize have been repaved in recent years, but some city streets can be difficult to navigate.

Belize requires drivers to be 18 or older, and it is well worth renting a car as a traveller, as this will allow you to explore the country with greater ease.

When it comes to the best vehicles to drive in Belize, a larger four-wheel-drive vehicle is recommended, such as an Isuzu Trooper, Toyota 4Runner, Jeep Cherokee, or Ford Explorer. These vehicles offer a smoother ride on washboard roads, and their large petrol tanks mean you won't have to stop for gas as frequently. However, rental rates for these larger vehicles are high, ranging from US$90 to $125 per day or more, and they consume a lot of gas.

If you are looking for a more affordable option, the Suzuki Jimmy, Vitara, or Sidekick are common rental vehicles that are cheaper and get the job done. However, be aware that these small Japanese rentals often lack air bags and other safety features, and are not the best option for off-road use as they typically run on inexpensive passenger car tires.

When renting a car in Belize, it is important to check the mileage, tires, and breakdown policies. Major companies, such as Budget, will send a mechanic to repair any problems, but smaller companies may not offer this service. It is also worth asking about discounts, as you may be able to negotiate a lower rate during the off-season or slow periods.

In terms of driving practices in Belize, locals generally drive like Americans or Europeans. However, one unusual practice to be aware of is the left turn. Belizeans will sometimes signal right and pull to the right when turning left across traffic, waiting for vehicles behind them to pass. Keep an eye out for confusing drivers who signal one way and then go in the opposite direction.

Belize has a draconian drug and gun laws, and if your passenger has even a small amount of marijuana, everyone in the vehicle, including innocent passengers, will be spending the night in a police holding cell.

When driving in Belize, it is important to always be cautious of pedestrians, bicyclists, and farm equipment, as well as potholes and speed bumps. Take it slow and enjoy the view. Avoid driving at night if possible, as it can be difficult to spot hazards and obstructions.

Frequently asked questions