Leslie Massey
Australia has a history of coalition governments, with the Liberal Party of Australia and the National Party of Australia (formerly the Country Party) forming a coalition commonly known as the Coalition or the LNP. This centre-right to the right-wing alliance forms one of the two major groupings in Australian federal politics, with the Australian Labor Party (ALP) being its main opponent. The Coalition was last in power from 2013 to 2022, and in the 2025 federal election, it is eyeing key electorates to regain a majority government.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Coalition name | Liberal–National Coalition (LNP) |
| Coalition type | Alliance of centre-right to right-wing political parties |
| Coalition partners | Liberal Party of Australia and the National Party of Australia |
| Coalition leader | Peter Dutton |
| Coalition's main opponent | Australian Labor Party (ALP) |
| Coalition's voter base | Urban areas (Liberals) and rural/regional areas (Nationals) |
| Coalition's policy goals | Beat inflation, boost growth, fix energy markets, fix the housing market, cut foreign aid budget, operate two nuclear power plants by mid-2030s |
| Coalition's achievements | Jobs growth, tax cuts for small/medium enterprises, same-sex marriage law, innovation and science agenda, tackling union lawlessness, housing initiatives, Commonwealth scholarships, arts initiatives, transport economics, economic recovery |
| Coalition's government history | In power from 2013 to 2022; Lost to Labor in 2022 election; Seeking to regain majority in 2025 election |
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What You'll Learn
The Liberal–National Coalition
The Liberal Party of Australia, one of the major Australian political parties, was founded in 1944–45 by Robert Gordon Menzies. The party's main elements include support for business, reduction of government expenditure, and strict immigration controls. The party has a history of achieving strong jobs growth, introducing tax cuts for small and medium enterprises, and extending the Instant Asset write-off. Additionally, they have shown a commitment to innovation and science, as well as tackling union lawlessness.
The National Party of Australia, formerly known as the Country Party, has a voter base that is predominantly in rural and regional areas. The party has a strong support base in rural areas, but has struggled to gain traction in more centralised populations, such as in South Australia. Historically, the National Party's policies have become increasingly similar to those of the Liberal Party, and they often compete locally against the Liberal Party candidates.
The Coalition has a history of forming majority governments in Australia, with their policies prioritising strong ties with the business community and close cooperation with the United States. The Coalition has also made plans for the future, including the operation of two nuclear power plants by the mid-2030s and cutting the foreign aid budget.
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The Coalition's costings
The Liberal–National Coalition, commonly known as the Coalition or the LNP, is an alliance of centre-right to right-wing political parties in Australia. The two major partners in the Coalition are the Liberal Party of Australia and the National Party of Australia. The Coalition was last in government from 2013 to 2022 and is currently led by Peter Dutton.
However, there have been concerns about the potential impact of the Coalition's policies on the budget. The Coalition's own costings revealed that their budget bottom line would be $7.9 billion worse off than Labor's in the first two years of a Dutton government. This deterioration is attributed to factors such as public service cuts, migration cuts, and the cost of their nuclear power plan. The Coalition has also proposed raising revenue through measures like a vaping tax and increasing migrant application fees.
Despite these criticisms, the Coalition maintains that their economic plan is responsible and credible. They argue that their approach will restore the nation's finances, strengthen the economy, tackle inflation, and get Australia back on track. The Coalition's costings and economic plans remain a key aspect of their campaign platform as they seek to regain government in the upcoming election.
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The Coalition's foreign aid budget
Australia is governed by a coalition of the Liberal Party of Australia and the National Party of Australia, commonly known as the Coalition or the LNP. The Coalition was last in government from 2013 to 2022 and is currently in opposition. Peter Dutton is the leader of the Coalition and he succeeded Scott Morrison after the 2022 federal election.
In the 2025 federal election, the Coalition has outlined its plans for the economy and foreign aid. The Coalition's costings of more than 200 policies indicate that they plan to cut foreign aid and environmental programs. The Coalition projects a larger deficit over the next two years, with shadow finance minister Jane Hume claiming that the Coalition will save $17.2 billion by reducing the number of public servants in Canberra by 41,000 through natural attrition.
The Coalition's plans include raising $3.6 billion over four years by taxing vaping products sold in supermarkets and convenience stores like cigarettes. They also intend to invest tens of millions of dollars in their nuclear plan, including $93.7 million over four years for a nuclear energy coordinating authority, a national nuclear training facility, and a fuel laboratory. Additionally, they plan to allocate $87.5 million to build community support for "zero emissions nuclear technology".
In summary, the Coalition's foreign aid budget for the 2025 federal election includes cuts to foreign aid and environmental programs, with a focus on deficit reduction and investment in nuclear energy. They also plan to increase funding for disability equity and rights, as well as develop strategies to promote gender equality, disability equity, and LGBTQIA+ human rights internationally.
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The Coalition's path to victory
The Liberal–National Coalition, commonly known as the Coalition or the LNP, is an alliance of centre-right to right-wing political parties in Australia. The Coalition is led by Peter Dutton, who aims to chart a course back to government through Australia's outer suburbs.
The Coalition has a simple path to victory in the 2025 federal election: win 76 seats. However, this is easier said than done, as the Coalition has faced several challenges. The Coalition lost the 2022 federal election to the Labor Party and returned to the opposition. The Coalition's path to victory in the 2025 election will depend on its ability to gain large swings in seats like Werriwa and Gilmore in NSW, and McEwen and Aston in Victoria.
The Coalition's strategy has largely targeted Labor-held seats in the outer suburbs and regions, rather than trying to win inner-city seats. This strategy recognises that suburban mortgage holders have been affected by interest rate hikes and are ripe for a cost-of-living-focused campaign. The Coalition is eyeing marginal seats like Tagney (2.85%), Paterson (2.6%), and Hunter (4.78%). Winning five out of these seven seats would make up about a quarter of the ground needed for a majority government.
The Coalition is also targeting seats in Melbourne's outskirts, such as Dunkley, which saw a big swing to the Liberals. In Victoria, the Coalition has eight seats with a flippable margin, including Bruce (5.31% margin), Holt (7.11%), Hawke (7.62%), Chisholm (3.33%), and McEwen (3.82%). In New South Wales, the Coalition is targeting seats in western Sydney, such as Parramatta (3.72%), Reid (5.19%), and Werriwa.
Additionally, the Coalition has the opportunity to win seats in Shortland (6%) on Newcastle's southern outskirts and Boothby in South Australia, which has been traditionally safe for Labor. In Queensland, the Coalition has a chance in Blair, with a margin of 5.23%, but with recent swings towards the Liberals, it could be winnable.
The Coalition's victory will depend on its ability to connect with voters in the outer suburbs and regions, as well as its stance on economic and social issues.
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The Coalition's voter base
The Liberal–National Coalition, commonly known as the Coalition or the LNP, is an alliance of centre-right to right-wing political parties. The two major partners in the Coalition are the Liberal Party of Australia and the National Party of Australia. The Coalition's voter base is geographically divided, with the Liberals drawing most of their votes from urban areas and the Nationals operating almost exclusively in rural and regional areas.
The Coalition has traditionally received support from Chinese Australians, who have perceived the Liberal Party as more business-oriented than the Labor Party. However, this support has declined in recent years, with electorates having a higher concentration of Chinese-Australian voters swinging against the Coalition in the 2022 federal election.
The Coalition also receives significant support from Australians in regional, rural, and remote areas, while lacking significant backing in most parts of the capital cities. Some areas that still vote for the Coalition include regions in Sydney's Hills District, Sutherland, Eastern Suburbs, and Northern Suburbs; Melbourne's northeast and eastern suburbs; many areas in Brisbane and Perth; and the southern part of Darwin.
The Coalition has been targeting specific electorates to win in the 2025 federal election to gain a majority government. These include outer suburban seats in Victoria and New South Wales, such as Tagney, Paterson, and Hunter, and Bruce, Holt, Hawke, Chisholm, and McEwen. Additionally, they are targeting seats like Boothby in South Australia and Blair in Queensland.
The Coalition's strategy to increase preference flows from right-wing parties like One Nation may help them in tight regional and suburban contests but has also been criticised for potentially damaging their support among metropolitan voters and in at-risk seats.
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Frequently asked questions
Yes, Australia has a coalition government. The Liberal–National Coalition, commonly known as the Coalition or the LNP, is an alliance of centre-right to right-wing political parties.
The Liberal-National Coalition is an alliance of two major political parties in Australia, the Liberal Party of Australia and the National Party of Australia.
The Coalition has released a range of policies ahead of the 2025 federal election, including plans to "beat inflation sustainably", boost economic growth, fix energy markets, and address the housing market. They have also proposed cutting the foreign aid budget by $813 million over four years and having two nuclear power plants operating by the mid-2030s.
Peter Dutton is the leader of the Coalition and is aiming to become the Prime Minister of Australia in the 2025 federal election.
The main opponent of the Coalition is the Australian Labor Party (ALP). The two forces are often regarded as operating in a two-party system.
