
Meat pies are a beloved Australian dish. They are considered a national food and are ubiquitous throughout the country, available everywhere from gas stations to restaurants to sporting events. Meat pies are small enough to fit in the palm of your hand, and they are often consumed as a snack. The classic meat pie is made with beef mince, but there are many variations, including chicken, pork, and lamb. They are usually served with a cold beer and a large dollop of ketchup. While meat pies originated in Britain, they have become an iconic part of Australian cuisine and culture, with many famous pie makers and annual pie competitions.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| History | Meat pies were brought to Australia by the British. The oldest bakery in Australia, Balfours, has been making pies for over a century. Four'n Twenty, another iconic meat pie brand, was first produced in 1947. |
| Consumption | Meat pies are considered a national dish in Australia and are often consumed as a snack or at sporting events, particularly Australian rules football (AFL) games. According to a 2003 study, the average Australian consumes 12 meat pies each year. |
| Availability | Meat pies can be found in various places, including grocery stores, gas stations, bars, restaurants, and bakeries. They are also available frozen in supermarkets. |
| Ingredients and Flavors | Meat pies typically contain diced or minced meat (usually beef) and gravy, with possible additions of onion, mushrooms, or cheese. Other popular flavors include chicken, pork, lamb, and vegetarian options. |
| Cultural Significance | Meat pies are considered a defining part of Australian culture and are often associated with football and takeaway food. They are subject to taste tests and competitions, reflecting their importance in Australian cuisine. |
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What You'll Learn

Meat pie history
Meat pies have become a staple of Australian cuisine, enjoyed by locals and visitors alike. This iconic dish is considered a symbol of Australia's cultural identity and national pride. The specific evolution of the meat pie in Australia is a story of adaptation and innovation, with its roots linked to the British settlers who arrived in the early 19th century.
The concept of encasing meat in pastry can be traced back to ancient civilizations, with variations found in Greek, Roman, and medieval European cuisines. However, the Australian meat pie has developed its own unique history and significance over the years.
In Australia, a meat pie is typically a hand-sized pie containing diced or minced meat and gravy, sometimes with onions, mushrooms, or cheese. It is often consumed as a takeaway food snack and is widely available in neighbourhood bakery shops across the country. According to a 2003 study, the average Australian consumes more than 12 meat pies each year.
The meat pie holds a special place in the hearts of Australians, with its history intertwining with the social fabric of the nation. It has evolved from its humble beginnings as a practical meal for early settlers to become a beloved national dish. Each variation tells a story of regional tastes and preferences, reflecting the country's cultural melting pot.
The annual Great Aussie Pie Competition, which began in 1989, aims to promote higher-quality pie production and increase media attention to the foodstuff. This competition attracts pie-makers from all over Australia, with entries judged anonymously to avoid bias. In addition to the main contest, there is also a competition for gourmet pies, with categories for fillings such as chicken, seafood, and even vegetarian options.
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Meat pie taste tests
Meat pies are a beloved Australian dish, often consumed as a snack or during sporting events, especially Australian rules football games. They are usually small enough to fit in the palm of one's hand and are sometimes referred to as "hand-warmers" or "pocket pies".
The meat pie is considered an iconic Australian food, with each Aussie consuming an average of 12 pies a year. The popularity of meat pies in Australia can be traced back to British influence, with similar dishes found in both cuisines. However, the Australian variation has taken on a life of its own, with numerous neighbourhood bakeries creating innovative flavours and fillings.
Various meat pie manufacturers have gained recognition in different states. For example, Four'n Twenty, established in 1947, is a well-known brand in Victoria, and their pies are often associated with Australian rules football. In Tasmania, National Pies is the main pie manufacturer, producing rectangular mince pies, as opposed to the typical round shape found in other brands.
To find the best meat pie, Nicholas Jordan from The Guardian conducted a taste test of 12 supermarket meat pie brands, ranging from $1 to $7 per pie. The pies were judged on their pastry and filling by a team of Sydney bakers and chefs. While most pies had similar dense and butterless pastries, the quality of the meat and gravy varied. Despite the range in price, there wasn't much difference in taste among the pies. The winner was Elmsbury Chunky Sous Vide Slow Cooked Beef pie, which offered good value for money at less than $3.50 per pie.
Another notable meat pie taste test was conducted by Penny Watson, who sampled the award-winning 2019 Kuhn's caramelised pork and pepper pie. This pie stood out for its rich and hearty filling, combining pork mince and slow-cooked pork chunks, with a generous amount of cracked black pepper. The unique blend of flavours earned it a place as a fusion first in Australian bakery snacks.
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Meat pie fillings
Meat pies are a beloved Australian dish, often eaten by hand as a snack or at sporting events. The meat is typically diced or minced beef, slow-cooked until tender, and smothered in a rich gravy. The gravy is often made using the juices and flavours from the cooked beef, with added flour, stock, and flavourings like Worcestershire sauce, tomato paste, and Vegemite. This mixture is then encased in a buttery, flaky shortcrust pastry and topped with puff pastry.
The classic meat pie is iconic, but there are many variations. In Tasmania, National Pies make typical mince pies, as well as "Cottage Pies", topped with mashed potato. In Victoria, Four'n Twenty and Patties are two of Australia's most famous pies, also manufactured by Patties Foods. Some pies contain chicken, seafood, or vegetables, and there are even vegetarian options. The meat used can also vary, with FSANZ allowing beef, buffalo, camel, venison, goat, hare, pork, poultry, rabbit, and sheep to be used, provided the meat content is at least 25%.
Meat pie recipes often recommend making the filling the night before, as it must be completely cooled before being added to the pastry. The filling should be fairly runny, as it will continue to thicken when cooling. The pastry should also be pre-baked to avoid a soggy base.
Meat pies are a beloved Australian snack, with many variations and a rich history. The process of making them requires patience, but the result is a delicious, iconic dish.
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Meat pie manufacturers
Meat pies are a beloved part of Australian cuisine and culture, with the average Australian consuming more than 12 meat pies each year. The meat pie is considered Australia's "national dish" and is often consumed as a handheld, savoury snack.
Manufacturers of meat pies in Australia tend to be state-based, with many pies sold ready-to-eat at smaller outlets, unbranded, or locally produced by a brand-name vendor. Some of the famous pie makers in Australia include Four'n Twenty, Patties, Sargents, Balfours, Vili's, Mrs Mac's Pies, and National Pies. Four'n Twenty, first produced in 1947 by L.T. McClure, has achieved iconic status in Victoria due to its association with Australian rules football. Sargents, which was the dominant meat pie brand in New South Wales until 2022, could trace its pie-making history back to 1891. In Tasmania, National Pies is the main manufacturer, producing typical beef mince pies and "Cottage Pies" topped with mashed potato.
To promote higher-quality pie production and increase media attention, the annual Great Aussie Pie Competition was established in 1989. The contest attracts pie-makers from all over Australia, with pies judged anonymously to avoid bias. Certificates of excellence and a coveted main award are given to the best entries, leading to increased sales and interstate travellers seeking out the winning pie.
Outside of Australia, meat pies have also gained popularity in New Zealand and North America. In New Zealand, Big Ben Pies have been a prominent pie maker since 1969, selling 13 million pies per year. In the United States, Australian meat pies were introduced in 1994 by Mark Allen, who operated Pacific Products, a wholesale business selling pies to chain retailers. In Canada, Ryan of Nossack Food Group developed the "Real Deal" Australian Meat Pies, which are known for their generous fillings and authentic flavour.
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Meat pie consumption
Meat pies are a popular dish in Australia, with the average Australian consuming around 12 meat pies per year. They are considered a national dish and are often consumed as a snack or takeaway food. Meat pies in Australia typically contain diced or minced meat, gravy, and sometimes onions, mushrooms, or cheese. They are usually small enough to fit in the palm of your hand and are sold at various locations, including bars, footy games, and on the street.
The history of meat pie consumption in Australia can be traced back to British influence, with similar dishes found in both countries. However, the popularity of meat pies in Australia has led to some unique variations and a strong culture associated with this dish. Meat pies are often associated with Australian rules football, and brands like Four'n Twenty and Patties have achieved iconic status in Victoria due to their presence at sporting events.
Various manufacturers and bakeries produce meat pies in Australia, with some dating back over a century. Balfours in South Australia and Mrs Mac's Pies in Western Australia are well-known producers, supplying pies to venues hosting Australian rules football games. The annual Great Aussie Pie Competition was established in 1989 to promote higher-quality pie production and increase media attention to the dish.
In conclusion, meat pie consumption in Australia is characterised by a combination of tradition and innovation. While the dish has its roots in British cuisine, Australians have embraced and adapted it to create a diverse range of flavours and fillings. Meat pies hold a special place in Australian culture, particularly in relation to sporting events, and their convenience and versatility contribute to their enduring popularity.
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Frequently asked questions
Meat pies are considered a staple in Australia and are loved by many. They are convenient, delicious, and versatile, with various flavours and fillings.
Australian meat pies are usually made with beef, but other meats like lamb, chicken, or pork are also used. The meat is diced or minced and combined with gravy, and sometimes onion, mushrooms, or cheese.
Meat pies were introduced to Australia by the British, but their popularity soared in Australia, possibly due to their convenience and versatility.
Australian meat pies are similar to British meat pies, but a key difference is their size. Australian meat pies are smaller and designed to fit in the palm of your hand, making them easy to eat as a snack.
Meat pies are ubiquitous in Australia and can be found almost everywhere. You can buy them at grocery stores, gas stations, bars, sporting events, bakeries, and even frozen in supermarkets like Woolworths and Coles.











































